JEE Main 27 July 2022 Shift 1 question paper with solutions

JEE Main 27 July 2022 Shift 1: all 90 questions in paper order (Maths, Physics, Chemistry) with the answer key and worked solutions. Free to read; attempt it as a timed 3-hour mock test.

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Maths

Question 1

Maths · Relations and Functions · Single correct

Let $\mathcal{R}_1$ and $\mathcal{R}_2$ be two relations defined on $\mathbb{R}$ by $a \mathcal{R}_1 b \iff ab \geq 0$ and $a \mathcal{R}_2 b \iff a \geq b$, then

  1. $\mathcal{R}_1$ is an equivalence relation but not $\mathcal{R}_2$
  2. $\mathcal{R}_2$ is an equivalence relation but not $\mathcal{R}_1$
  3. both $\mathcal{R}_1$ and $\mathcal{R}_2$ are equivalence relations
  4. neither $\mathcal{R}_1$ nor $\mathcal{R}_2$ is an equivalence relation

Answer: (d)

Solution

Given $R_1 = \{ xy \geq 0, x, y \in \mathbb{R} \}$. For reflexive $x \times x \geq 0$ which is true. For symmetric, if $xy \geq 0 \Rightarrow yx \geq 0$. If $x = 2$, $y = 0$ and $z = -2$, then $x \cdot y \geq 0$ and $y \cdot z \geq 0$ but $x \cdot z \geq 0$ is not true. Therefore, it is not a transitive relation. Thus, $R_1$ is not an equivalence relation. For $R_2$, if $a \geq b$ it does not imply $b \geq a$. Therefore, $R_2$ is not an equivalence relation. Hence, the answer is $D$.

Question 2

Maths · Relations and Functions · Single correct

Let $f, g: \mathbb{N} - \{1\} \to \mathbb{N}$ be functions defined by $f(a) = \alpha$, where $\alpha$ is the maximum of the powers of those primes $p$ such that $p^\alpha$ divides $a$, and $g(a) = a + 1$, for all $a \in \mathbb{N} - \{1\}$. Then, the function $f + g$ is

  1. one-one but not onto
  2. onto but not one-one
  3. both one-one and onto
  4. neither one-one nor onto

Answer: (d)

Solution

Given $f : \mathbb{N} - \{1\} \to \mathbb{N}$ and $f(a) = \alpha$. Where $\alpha$ is the maximum of powers of prime $P$ such that $P^\alpha$ divides $a$. Also $g(a) = a + 1$. Therefore, $f(2) = 1$, $g(2) = 3$, $f(3) = 1$, $g(3) = 4$, $f(4) = 2$, $g(4) = 5$, $f(5) = 1$, $g(5) = 6$. Thus, $f(2) + g(2) = 4$, $(f(3) + g(3)) = 5$, $f(4) + g(4) = 7$, $f(5) + g(5) = 7$. Therefore, many $f(x) + g(x)$ does not contain $1$. Hence, the function is neither one-one nor onto.

Question 3

Maths · Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations · Single correct

Let the minimum value $v_0$ of $v = |z|^2 + |z - 3|^2 + |z - 6i|^2$, $z \in \mathbb{C}$ is attained at $z = z_0$. Then $\left| 2z_0^2 - \overline{z_0}^3 + 3 \right|^2 + v_0^2$ is equal to

  1. 1000
  2. 1024
  3. 1105
  4. 1196

Answer: (a)

Solution

Given $z_0 = \left( \frac{0 + 3 + 0}{3}, \frac{0 + 6 + 0}{3} \right) = (1, 2)$. $v_0 = |1 + 2i|^2 + |1 + 2i - 3|^2 + |1 + 2i - 6i|^2 = 30$. Then $\($ $\left$| 2z_0^2 - $\overline{z_0}$^3 + 3 $\right$|^2 + v_0^2 $\)$ $$= \left| 2(1 + 2i)^2 - (1 - 2i)^3 + 3 \right|^2 + 900$$ $$= \left| 2(1 - 4 + 4i) - (1 - 4 - 4i)(1 - 2i) + 3 \right|^2 + 900$$ $$= \left| 8 + 6i \right|^2 + 900 = 100 + 900 = 1000$$

Question 4

Maths · Matrices · Single correct

Let $A = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 2 \\ -2 & -5 \end{pmatrix}$. Let $\alpha, \beta \in \mathbb{R}$ be such that $\alpha A^2 + \beta A = 2I$. Then $\alpha + \beta$ is equal to -

  1. -10
  2. -6
  3. 6
  4. 10

Answer: (d)

Solution

Characteristic equation of matrix A $$|A - \lambda I| = 0$$ $$\begin{vmatrix} 1 - \lambda & 2 \\ -2 & -5 - \lambda \end{vmatrix} = 0$$ $$\Rightarrow \lambda^2 + 4\lambda = 1$$ $$\Rightarrow A^2 + 4A = I$$ $$\Rightarrow 2A^2 + 8A = 2I \ldots (1)$$ Given that $\alpha A^2 + \beta A = 2I \ldots (2)$ Comparing equation (1) and (2) we get $$\alpha = 2, \beta = 8$$ Therefore, $\alpha + \beta = 10$ Ans. (D) (10)

Question 5

Maths · Binomial Theorem · Single correct

The remainder when $(2021)^{2022} + (2022)^{2021}$ is divided by 7 is

  1. 0
  2. 1
  3. 2
  4. 6

Answer: (a)

Solution

Given $ (2021)^{2022} + (2022)^{2021} $. $$ = (2023 - 2)^{2022} + (2023 - 1)^{2021} $$ $$ = 7n_1 + 2^{2022} + 7n_2 - 1 $$ $$ = 7(n_1 + n_2) + 8^{674} - 1 $$ $$ = 7(n_1 + n_2) + (7 - 1)^{674} - 1 $$ $$ = 7(n_1 + n_2) + 7n_3 + 1 - 1 $$ $$ = 7(n_1 + n_2 + n_3) $$ Therefore, the given number is divisible by 7 hence remainder is zero.

Question 6

Maths · Sequences and Series · Single correct

Suppose $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n, \ldots$ be an arithmetic progression of natural numbers. If the ratio of the sum of the first five terms of the sum of first nine terms of the progression is $5 : 17$ and $110 < a_{15} < 120$, then the sum of the first ten terms of the progression is equal to -

  1. 290
  2. 380
  3. 460
  4. 510

Answer: (b)

Solution

Given $\($ $\frac{S_5}{S_9}$ = $\frac{5}{17}$ $\Rightarrow$ $\frac{\frac{5}{2}(2a + 4d)}{\frac{9}{2}(2a + 8d)}$ = $\frac{5}{17}$ $\)$ $\($ $\Rightarrow$ d = 4a $\)$ $\($ a_{15} = a + 14d = 57a $\)$ Now, $\($ 110 < a_{15} < 120 $\)$ $\($ $\Rightarrow$ 110 < 57a < 120 $\)$ $\($ $\Rightarrow$ a = 2 $\therefore$ d = 8 $\)$ $\($ S_{10} = $\frac{10}{2}$(2 $\times$ 2 + 9 $\times$ 8) = 380 $\)$

Question 7

Maths · Integrals · Single correct

Let $f : \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$ be a function defined as $$f(x) = a \sin \left( \frac{\pi [x]}{2} \right) + [2 - x], \ a \in \mathbb{R},$$ where $[t]$ is the greatest integer less than or equal to $t$. If $$\lim_{x \to -1} f(x)$$ exists, then the value of $$\int_{0}^{4} f(x) \, dx$$ is equal to :

  1. -1
  2. -2
  3. 1
  4. 2

Answer: (b)

Solution

Given $\(\lim_{x \to 1^+}$ $a \sin\left(\frac{\pi \lfloor x \rfloor}{2}\right)$ + [2-x] = -a + 2\). $\(\lim_{x \to 1^-}$ $a \sin\left(\frac{\pi \lfloor x \rfloor}{2}\right)$ + [2-x] = 0 + 3 = 3\). $\(\lim_{x \to 1} f(x)\)$ exists when \(a = -1\). Now, \[\int_0^4 f(x)\,dx = \int_0^1 f(x)\,dx + \int_1^2 f(x)\,dx + \int_2^3 f(x)\,dx + \int_3^4 f(x)\,dx\] \[= \int_0^1 (0 + 1)\,dx + \int_1^2 (-1 + 0)\,dx + \int_2^3 (0 - 1)\,dx + \int_3^4 (1 - 2)\,dx\] \[= 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 = -2\]

Question 8

Maths · Applications of Derivatives · Single correct

\[ I=\int_{\pi/4}^{\pi/3}\left(\frac{8\sin x-\sin 2x}{x}\right)\,dx. \] Then

  1. $\frac{\pi}{2} < I < \frac{3\pi}{4}$
  2. $\frac{\pi}{5} < I < \frac{5\pi}{12}$
  3. $\frac{5\pi}{12} < I < \frac{\sqrt{2}}{3} \pi$
  4. $\frac{3\pi}{4} < I < \pi$

Answer: (c)

Solution

Consider $f(x) = 8 \sin x - \sin 2x$ $f'(x) = 8 \sin x - 2 \cos 2x$ $f''(x) = -8 \sin x + 4 \sin 2x$ $= -8 \sin x (1 - \cos x)$ Therefore, $f''(x) < 0$ for $x \in \left( \frac{\pi}{4}, \frac{\pi}{3} \right)$. Thus, $f'(x)$ is a decreasing function. $$f'\left( \frac{\pi}{3} \right) < f'(x) < f'\left( \frac{\pi}{4} \right)$$ $5 < f'(x) < 4 \sqrt{2}$ $5x < f(x) < 4 \sqrt{2} x$ $$5 < \frac{f(x)}{x} < 4 \sqrt{2}$$ $$\int_{\pi/4}^{\pi/3} 5 < \int_{\pi/4}^{\pi/3} \frac{f(x)}{x} < \int_{\pi/4}^{\pi/3} 4 \sqrt{2}$$ $$\int_{\pi/4}^{\pi/3} 5 < \int_{\pi/4}^{\pi/3} \frac{8 \sin x - \sin 2x}{x} < \int_{\pi/4}^{\pi/3} 4 \sqrt{2}$$ $$\frac{5\pi}{12} < I < \frac{\sqrt{2}\pi}{3}$$

Question 9

Maths · Applications of Integrals · Single correct

The area of the smaller region enclosed by the curves $y^2 = 8x + 4$ and $x^2 + y^2 + 4\sqrt{3}x - 4 = 0$ is equal to

  1. $\frac{1}{3} \left( 2 - 12\sqrt{3} + 8\pi \right)$
  2. $\frac{1}{3} \left( 2 - 12\sqrt{3} + 6\pi \right)$
  3. $\frac{1}{3} \left( 4 - 12\sqrt{3} + 8\pi \right)$
  4. $\frac{1}{3} \left( 4 - 12\sqrt{3} + 6\pi \right)$

Answer: (c)

Solution

The equation of the circle is $x^2 + y^2 + 4\sqrt{3}x - 4 = 0$. The equation of the parabola is $y^2 = 8x + 4$. The points of intersection are $(0, 2)$ and $(0, -2)$. Both are symmetric about the x-axis. The area is given by: $$Area = 2 \int_{0}^{2} \left( \sqrt{16 - y^2 - 2\sqrt{3}} - \frac{y^2 - 4}{8} \right) \, dy$$ On solving, the area is: $$Area = \frac{1}{3} \left[ 8\pi + 4 - 12\sqrt{3} \right]$$

Question 10

Maths · Differential Equations · Single correct

Let $y = y_1(x)$ and $y = y_2(x)$ be two distinct solutions of the differential equation $\frac{dy}{dx} = x + y$, with $y_1(0) = 0$ and $y_2(0) = 1$ respectively. Then, the number of points of intersection of $y = y_1(x)$ and $y = y_2(x)$ is

  1. 0
  2. 1
  3. 2
  4. 3

Answer: (a)

Solution

$$ \frac{dy}{dx}=x+y \Rightarrow \frac{dy}{dx}-y=x $$ If $$ I=e^{-x} $$ Therefore, solution is $$ ye^{-x}=\int xe^{-x}\,dx $$ $$ ye^{-x}=-xe^{-x}-e^{-x}+c $$ $$ y=-x-1+ce^x $$ For $$ y(0)=0 $$ $$ 0=-0-1+c \Rightarrow c=1 $$ $$ y_1=-x-1+e^x \qquad ...(1) $$ For $$ y_2(0)=1 \Rightarrow c=2 $$ $$ y_2=-x-1+2e^x \qquad ...(2) $$ Now $$ y_2-y_1=e^x>0 $$ $$ \therefore y_2\ne y_1 $$ Therefore, number of points of intersection of \(y_1\) and \(y_2\) is zero.

Question 11

Maths · Conic Sections · Single correct

Let P $(a, b)$ be a point on the parabola $y^2 = 8x$ such that the tangent at P passes through the centre of the circle $x^2 + y^2 - 10x - 14y + 65 = 0$. Let A be the product of all possible values of $a$ and B be the product of all possible values of $b$. Then the value of $A + B$ is equal to:

  1. 0
  2. 25
  3. 40
  4. 65

Answer: (d)

Solution

P(a, b) is a point on $y^2 = 8x$, such that the tangent at P passes through the center of $x^2 + y^2 - 10x - 14y + 65 = 0$, i.e. (5, 7). The tangent at $P(at^2, 2at)$ is $ty = x + at^2$. Let $A = 2$ and it passes through (5, 7). $$7t = 5 + 2t^2$$ Therefore, $t = 1$, $t = \frac{5}{2}$. Thus, $P(at^2, 2at) \Rightarrow (2, 4)$ when $t = 1$ and $\left( \frac{25}{2}, 10 \right)$ when $t = \frac{5}{2}$. Therefore, $A = 2 \times \frac{25}{2} = 25$. $B = 4 \times 10 = 40$. Thus, $A + B = 65$.

Question 12

Maths · Vector Algebra · Single correct

Let $\vec{a} = \alpha \hat{i} + \hat{j} + \beta \hat{k}$ and $\vec{b} = 3\hat{i} - 5\hat{j} + 4\hat{k}$ be two vectors, such that $\vec{a} \times \vec{b} = -\hat{i} + 9\hat{i} + 12\hat{k}$. Then the projection of $\vec{b} - 2\vec{a}$ on $\vec{b} + \vec{a}$ is equal to

  1. 2
  2. $\frac{39}{5}$
  3. 9
  4. $\frac{46}{5}$

Answer: (d)

Solution

Let $\vec{a} = \alpha \hat{i} + \hat{j} + \beta \hat{k}$, $\vec{b} = 3 \hat{i} - 5 \hat{j} + 4 \hat{k}$. $\vec{a} \times \vec{b} = -\hat{i} + 9 \hat{j} + 12 \hat{k}$. $$\begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ \alpha & 1 & \beta \\ 3 & -5 & 4 \end{vmatrix}$$ $$\Rightarrow (4 + 5 \beta) \hat{i} + (3 \beta - 4 \alpha) \hat{j} + (-5 \alpha - 3) \hat{k}$$ $$= -\hat{i} + 9 \hat{j} + 12 \hat{k}$$ Therefore, $4 + 5 \beta = -1$, $3 \beta - 4 \alpha = 9$, $-5 \alpha - 3 = 12$. $\beta = 1$, $\alpha = -3$. Thus, $\vec{a} = -3 \hat{i} + \hat{j} - \hat{k}$, $\vec{b} = 3 \hat{i} - 5 \hat{j} + 4 \hat{k}$. Therefore, $\vec{a} + \vec{b} = -4 \hat{j} + 3 \hat{k}$. $|\vec{a}|^2 = 11$, $|\vec{b}|^2 = 50$. $\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b} = -9 + (-5) - 4 = -18$. Therefore, the projectile of $\left( \vec{b} - 2 \vec{a} \right)$ on $\vec{a} + \vec{b}$ is $$\frac{\left( \vec{b} - 2 \vec{a} \right) \cdot \left( \vec{a} + \vec{b} \right)}{|\vec{a} + \vec{b}|}$$ $$= \frac{|\vec{b}|^2 - 2 |\vec{a}|^2 - (\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b})}{|\vec{a} + \vec{b}|} = \frac{50 - 22 - (-18)}{5} = \frac{46}{5}$$ Ans. $\frac{46}{5}$

Question 13

Maths · Vector Algebra · Single correct

Let $\vec{a}$ = 2$\hat{i}$ - $\hat{j}$ + 5$\hat{k}$ and $\vec{b}$ = $\alpha$ $\hat{i}$ + $\beta$ $\hat{j}$ + 2$\hat{k}$ . If $((\vec{a}\times\vec{b})\times\hat{i})\cdot\hat{k}=\frac{23}{2}$, then $\left|\vec{b}\times2\hat{j}\right|$ is equal to ______.

  1. 4
  2. 5
  3. $\sqrt{21}$
  4. $\sqrt{17}$

Answer: (b)

Solution

Given $\vec{a} = 2\hat{i} - \hat{j} + 5\hat{k}$, $\vec{b} = \alpha \hat{i} + \beta \hat{j} + 2\hat{k}$. $$((\vec{a} \times \vec{b}) \times \hat{i}) \cdot \hat{k} = \frac{23}{2}, then |\vec{b} \times 2\hat{j}| is$$ $$((\vec{a} \cdot \hat{i}) \vec{b} - (\vec{b} \cdot \hat{i}) \vec{a}) \cdot \hat{k} = \frac{23}{2}$$ $$ (\vec{a} \cdot \hat{i})(\vec{b} \cdot \hat{i}) - (\vec{b} \cdot \hat{i})(\vec{a} \cdot \hat{k}) = \frac{23}{2} $$ $$ 2 \times 2 - \alpha \times 5 = \frac{23}{2} \Rightarrow 5\alpha = 4 - \frac{23}{2} \Rightarrow \alpha = \frac{-3}{2} $$ $$ \vec{b} \times 2\hat{j} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ \alpha & \beta & 2 \\ 0 & 2 & 0 \end{vmatrix} = -4\hat{i} + 2\alpha \hat{k} $$ Therefore, $$ |\vec{b} \times 2\hat{j}| = \sqrt{16 + 4\alpha^2} = \sqrt{16 + 4 \times \frac{9}{4}} = 5 $$

Question 14

Maths · Permutations and Combinations · Single correct

Let S be the sample space of all five digit numbers. If $p$ is the probability that a randomly selected number from $S$, is a multiple of 7 but not divisible by 5, then $9p$ is equal to

  1. 1.0146
  2. 1.2085
  3. 1.0285
  4. 1.1521

Answer: (c)

Solution

Given $n(S)$ = all 5 digit numbers $= 9 \times 10^4$. Let $A$ be the set of numbers that are multiples of 7 but not divisible by 5. The smallest 5 digit number divisible by 7 is 10003. The largest 5 digit number divisible by 7 is 99995. Therefore, $99995 = 10003 + (n - 1) \times 7$, giving $n = 12857$. Numbers divisible by 35: $99995 = 10010 + (P-1) \times 35 \Rightarrow P = 2572$. Therefore, numbers divisible by 7 but not by 35 are $12857 - 2572 = 10285$. Thus, $P = \frac{10285}{90000}$, so $9P = 1.0285$.

Question 15

Maths · Heights and Distances · Single correct

Let a vertical tower AB of height $2h$ stands on a horizontal ground. Let from a point P on the ground a man can see upto height $h$ of the tower with an angle of elevation $2\alpha$. When from $P$, he moves a distance $d$ in the direction of $\overrightarrow{AP}$, he can see the top $B$ of the tower with an angle of elevation $\alpha$. If $d = \sqrt{7}h$, then $\tan \alpha$ is equal to

  1. $\sqrt{5} - 2$
  2. $\sqrt{3} - 1$
  3. $\sqrt{7} - 2$
  4. $\sqrt{7} - \sqrt{3}$

Answer: (c)

Solution

Given $\tan 2\alpha = \frac{h}{x}$ and $\tan \alpha = \frac{2h}{x + \sqrt{7}h}$. We have $$\tan \alpha = \frac{2h}{h \cot 2\alpha + \sqrt{7}h}$$ $$\tan \alpha = \frac{2}{\frac{\left(1 - \tan^2 \alpha\right)}{2 \tan \alpha} + \sqrt{7}}$$ Put $\tan \alpha = t$ and simplify $$\Rightarrow \tan \alpha = \sqrt{7} - 2$$

Question 16

Maths · Mathematical Reasoning · Single correct

$(p\land r)\leftrightarrow(p\land(\sim q))$ is equivalent to $(\sim p)$ when $r=q$

  1. $p$
  2. $\sim p$
  3. $q$
  4. $\sim q$
Solution

$(p\land r)\leftrightarrow(p\land(\sim q)) =(\sim p)$ Taking $r=q$ So, clear $((p\land r)\leftrightarrow(p\land(\sim q))) =(\sim p)$

Question 17

Maths · Three Dimensional Geometry · Single correct

If the plane P passes through the intersection of two mutually perpendicular planes $2x + ky - 5z = 1$ and $3kx - ky + z = 5$, $k < 3$ and intercepts a unit length on positive x-axis, then the intercept made by the plane P on the y-axis is

  1. $\frac{1}{11}$
  2. $\frac{5}{11}$
  3. 6
  4. 7

Answer: (d)

Solution

Two given planes mutually perpendicular $$2(3k) + k(-k) + (-5) \cdot 1 = 0$$ $$k = 1, 5$$ but $k < 3$ so $k = 1$ Plane passing through these planes is $$2x + y - 5z - 1 + \lambda (3x - y + z - 5) = 0$$ $$\frac{x}{5\lambda + 1} + \frac{y}{5\lambda + 1} + \frac{z}{5\lambda + 1} = 1$$ $$\frac{2 + 3\lambda}{1 - \lambda} = \frac{\lambda - 5}{1}$$ Given $$\frac{5\lambda + 1}{2 + 3\lambda} = 1 \implies \lambda = \frac{1}{2}$$ So intercept on y-axis is $$\frac{5\lambda + 1}{1 - \lambda} = 7$$

Question 18

Maths · Straight Lines and Pair of Straight Lines · Single correct

Let $A(1,\ 1)$, $B(-4,\ 3)$, $C(-2,\ -5)$ be vertices of a triangle $ABC$, $P$ be a point on side $BC$, and $\Delta_1$ and $\Delta_2$ be the areas of triangle $APB$ and $ABC$. Respectively. If $\Delta_1 : \Delta_2 = 4 : 7$, then the area enclosed by the lines $AP$, $AC$ and the $x$-axis is

  1. $\frac{1}{4}$
  2. $\frac{3}{4}$
  3. $\frac{1}{2}$
  4. 1

Answer: (c)

Solution

Given $\Delta_1 = \dfrac{1}{2} \begin{vmatrix} x & y & 1 \\ 1 & 1 & 1 \\ -4 & 3 & 1 \end{vmatrix}$ and $\Delta_2 = \dfrac{1}{2} \begin{vmatrix} 1 & 1 & 1 \\ -4 & 3 & 1 \\ -2 & -5 & 1 \end{vmatrix}$. Given $\dfrac{\Delta_1}{\Delta_2} = \dfrac{4}{7} \Rightarrow \dfrac{-2x - 5y + 7}{36} = \dfrac{4}{7}$ $$\Rightarrow 14x + 35y = -95 \hfill \ldots(1)$$ Equation of $BC$ is $4x + y = -13 \hfill \ldots(2)$ Solve equations (1) and (2). Point $P\left(-\dfrac{20}{7},\ -\dfrac{11}{7}\right)$ Here point $Q\left(-\dfrac{1}{2},\ 0\right)$ and $R\left(\dfrac{1}{2},\ 0\right)$ So the area of triangle $AQR = \dfrac{1}{2} \times 1 \times 1 = \dfrac{1}{2}$

Question 19

Maths · Conic Sections · Single correct

If the circle $x^2 + y^2 - 2gx + 6y - 19c = 0$, $g, c \in \mathbb{R}$ passes through the point $(6, 1)$ and its centre lies on the line $x - 2cy = 8$, then the length of intercept made by the circle on x-axis is

  1. $\sqrt{11}$
  2. 4
  3. 3
  4. $2\sqrt{23}$

Answer: (d)

Solution

Given circle $x^2 + y^2 - 2gx + 6y - 19c = 0$. Passes through $(6, 1)$. $$12g + 19c = 43 \ldots(1)$$ Centre $(g, -3)$ lies on given line. So, $g + 6c = 8 \ldots(2)$ Solve equation (1) and (2). $c = 1$ and $g = 2$. Equation of circle $x^2 + y^2 - 4x + 6y - 19 = 0$. Length of intercept on x-axis $$= 2\sqrt{g^2 - c} = 2\sqrt{23}$$

Question 20

Maths · Applications of Derivatives · Single correct

Let a function $f : \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$ be defined as : $$f(x) = \begin{cases} \int_{0}^{x} (5 - |t - 3|) \, dt, & x > 4 \\ x^2 + bx, & x \leq 4 \end{cases}$$ where $b \in \mathbb{R}$. If $f$ is continuous at $x = 4$, then which of the following statements is NOT true ?

  1. $f$ is not differentiable at $x = 4$
  2. $f'(3) + f'(5) = \frac{35}{4}$
  3. $f$ is increasing in $\left(-\infty, \frac{1}{8}\right) \cup (8, \infty)$
  4. $f$ has a local minima at $x = \frac{1}{8}$

Answer: (c)

Solution

Given $$f(x) = \begin{cases} \int_0^x (5 - |t - 3|) \, dt, & x > 4 \\ x^2 + bx, & x \leq 4 \end{cases}$$ $f(x)$ is continuous at $x = 4$ So $\lim_{x \to 4^-} f(x) = \lim_{x \to 4^+} f(x) = f(4)$ So $16 + 4b = \int_0^3 (2 - t) \, dt + \int_3^4 (8 - t) \, dt$ At $x = 4$ LHD $= 2x + b = \frac{31}{4}$ RHD $= 5 - |x - 3| = 4$ LHD $\neq$ RHD Option (A) is true and $f'(3) + f'(5) = \frac{23}{4} + 3 = \frac{35}{4}$ Option (B) is true $\therefore f(x) = x^2 - \frac{x}{4}$ at $x \leq 4$ $f'(x) = 2x - \frac{1}{4}$ This function is not increasing. In the interval in $x \in \left(-\infty, \frac{1}{8}\right)$ Option (C) is NOT TRUE. This function $f(x)$ is also local minima at $x = \frac{1}{8}$

Question 21

Maths · Inverse Trigonometric Functions · Numerical

For $k\in\mathbb{R}$, let the solutions of the equation $\cos\!\left( \sin^{-1} \!\left( x\cot \!\left( \tan^{-1} (\cos(\sin^{-1}x)) \right) \right) \right)=k,$ $0<|x|<\dfrac1{\sqrt2}$ be $\alpha$ and $\beta$, where the inverse trigonometric functions take only principal values. If the solutions of the equation $x^2-bx-5=0$ are $\dfrac1{\alpha^2} +\dfrac1{\beta^2}$ and $\dfrac{\alpha}{\beta}$, then $\dfrac{b}{k^2}$ is equal to

Answer: 12

Solution

$\cos(\sin^{-1}x)=\cos\!\left(\cos^{-1}\sqrt{1-x^2}\right)=\sqrt{1-x^2}$ $\cot\!\left(\tan^{-1}\sqrt{1-x^2}\right)$ $=\cot\!\left(\cot^{-1}\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}\right)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}$ $\Rightarrow\ \cos\!\left(\sin^{-1}\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}\right)=\frac{\sqrt{1-2x^2}}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}$ $=\ k$ $\Rightarrow\ 1-2x^2=k^2(1-x^2)$ $\Rightarrow\ (k^2-2)x^2=k^2-1$ $\Rightarrow\ x^2=\frac{k^2-1}{k^2-2}$ $\alpha=\sqrt{\frac{k^2-1}{k^2-2}}$ $\Rightarrow\ \alpha^2=\frac{k^2-1}{k^2-2}$ $\beta=-\sqrt{\frac{k^2-1}{k^2-2}}$ $\Rightarrow\ \beta^2=\frac{k^2-1}{k^2-2}$ $\frac1{\alpha^2}+\frac1{\beta^2} =2\left(\frac{k^2-2}{k^2-1}\right)$ $\frac{\alpha}{\beta}=-1$ Sum of roots $\frac1{\alpha^2}+\frac1{\beta^2} +\frac{\alpha}{\beta} +\frac{\beta}{\alpha}$ $=2\left(\frac{k^2-2}{k^2-1}\right)-1$ $=b\qquad (1)$ $\frac{2(k^2-2)}{k^2-1}-1=-5$ $\Rightarrow\ 2k^2-4=-5k^2+5$ $\Rightarrow\ 3k^2=1$ $\Rightarrow\ k^2=\frac13$ Put in (1), $b=\frac{2\left(\frac13-2\right)}{\frac13-1}-1$ $=5-1$ $=4$ $\frac{b}{{k^2}}$ $=\frac{4}{{\frac{1}{3}}}=12$

Question 22

Maths · Statistics · Fill in the blank

The mean and variance of 10 observations were calculated as 15 and 15 respectively by a student who took by mistake 25 instead of 15 for one observation. Then, the correct standard deviation is __________.

Answer: 2

Solution

Given $$6^2 = \frac{\sum x_i^2}{10} - \left(\bar{x}\right)^2 = 15$$. This implies $$\sum_{i=1}^{10} x_i = 150$$. Therefore, $$\sum_{i=1}^{9} x_i + 25 = 150$$, which gives $$\sum_{i=1}^{9} x_i = 125$$. Adding 15 to the sum, $$\sum_{i=1}^{9} x_i + 15 = 140$$. The actual mean is $$\frac{140}{10} = 14 = \bar{x}_{new}$$. Now, $$\frac{\sum_{i=1}^{9} x_i^2 + 25^2 - 15^2}{10} = 15$$. This implies $$\sum_{i=1}^{9} x_i^2 + 625 = 2400$$, so $$\sum_{i=1}^{9} x_i^2 = 1775$$. The actual variance is $$6^2_{actual} = \frac{\left(\sum x_i^2\right)_{actual}}{10} - \left(\bar{x}_{new}\right)^2$$. Substituting the values, $$= \frac{2000}{10} - 14^2$$, which simplifies to $$= 200 - 196 = 4$$. Therefore, $$(S.D.)_{actual} = 6 = 2$$.

Question 23

Maths · Three Dimensional Geometry · Fill in the blank

Let the line $\frac{x-3}{7} = \frac{y-2}{-1} = \frac{z-3}{-4}$ intersect the plane containing the lines $\frac{x-4}{1} = \frac{y+1}{-2} = \frac{z}{1}$ and $4ax-y+5z-7a=0=2x-5y-z-3, a \in \mathbb{R}$ at the point $P(\alpha, \beta, \gamma)$. Then the value of $\alpha + \beta + \gamma$ equals ______.

Answer: 12

Solution

Equation of plane $4ax - y + 5z - 7a + \lambda \left(2x - 5y - z - 3\right) = 0$ this satisfy $(4, -1, 0)$ $$16a + 1 - 7a + \lambda (8 + 5 - 3) = 0$$ $$9a + 1 + 10\lambda = 0 \ldots(1)$$ Normal vector of the plane $A$ is $(4a + 2\lambda, -1 - 5\lambda, 5 - \lambda)$ vector along the line which contained the plane $A$ is $i - 2j + k$ Therefore, $4a + 2\lambda + 2 + 10\lambda + 5 - \lambda = 0$ $$11\lambda + 4a + 7 = 0 \ldots(2)$$ Solve (1) and (2) to get $a = 1$, $\lambda = -1$ Now equation of plane $$x + 2y + 3z - 2 = 0$$ Let the point in the line $\frac{x - 3}{7} = \frac{y - 2}{-1} = \frac{z - 3}{-4} = t$ is $(7t + 3, -t + 2, -4t + 3)$ satisfy the equation of plane $A$ $$7t + 3 - 2t + 4 + 9 - 12t - 2 = 0$$ $t = 2$ So $\alpha + \beta + \gamma = 2t + 8 = 12$

Question 24

Maths · Conic Sections · Numerical

An ellipse $E : \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1$ passes through the vertices of the hyperbola $H : \frac{x^2}{49} - \frac{y^2}{64} = -1$. Let the major and minor axes of the ellipse $E$ coincide with the transverse and conjugate axes of the hyperbola $H$. Let the product of the eccentricities of $E$ and $H$ be $\frac{1}{2}$. If $l$ is the length of the latus rectum of the ellipse $E$, then the value of $113l$ is equal to _______.

Answer: 1552

Solution

Hyperbola: $\dfrac{x^2}{64}-\dfrac{y^2}{49}=1$ An ellipse $E:\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}=1$ passes through the vertices of the hyperbola $H:\dfrac{x^2}{64}-\dfrac{y^2}{49}=1$. So, $b^2=64$ $e=\sqrt{1+\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}} =\sqrt{1+\dfrac{49}{64}}$ For the ellipse, $e=\sqrt{1-\dfrac{b^2}{a^2}} =\sqrt{1-\dfrac{a^2}{64}}$ Hence, $8\sqrt{1-\dfrac{49}{64}} =\sqrt{64-a^2}$ $\sqrt{64-a^2}\times\sqrt{113}=32$ $64-a^2=\dfrac{32^2}{113}$ $a^2=64-\dfrac{32^2}{113}$ $l=\dfrac{2a^2}{b}$ $=\dfrac{2}{8}\left(64-\dfrac{32^2}{113}\right)$ $=\dfrac{1552}{113}$ $\boxed{\dfrac{1552}{113}}$

Question 25

Maths · Differential Equations · Numerical

Let y = y(x) be the solution curve of the differential equation $$\sin(2x^2) \log_e(\tan x^2) dy + \left(4xy - 4\sqrt{2}x \sin\left(x^2 - \frac{\pi}{4}\right)\right) dx = 0,$$ $$0 < x < \sqrt{\frac{\pi}{2}},$$ which passes through the point $$\left(\sqrt{\frac{\pi}{6}}, 1\right).$$ Then $$\left|y\left(\sqrt{\frac{\pi}{3}}\right)\right|$$ is equal to _______.

Answer: 1

Solution

Given the equation $$\sin(2x^2) \ln(\tan x^2) \, dy + \left(4xy - 4\sqrt{2}x \sin\left(\frac{x^2 - \pi}{4}\right)\right) dx = 0$$ we have $$\ln(\tan x^2) \, dy + \frac{4\sqrt{2} \, x \sin\left(x^2 - \frac{\pi}{4}\right)}{\sin(2x^2)} \, dx = 0$$ which simplifies to $$d\left(y \ln(\tan x^2)\right) - 4\sqrt{2}x \left(\frac{\sin x^2 - \cos x^2}{\sqrt{2} - \sin x^2 \cos x^2}\right) dx = 0.$$ Integrating, we get $$\Rightarrow \int d\left(y \ln(\tan x^2)\right) + 2 \int \frac{dt}{t^2 - 1} = \int 0$$ which leads to $$\Rightarrow y \ln(\tan x^2) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \ln\left|\frac{t-1}{t+1}\right| = c.$$ Therefore, $$y \ln(\tan x^2) + \ln\left(\frac{\sin x^2 + \cos x^2 - 1}{\sin x^2 + \cos x^2 + 1}\right) = c.$$ Put $y = 1$ and $x = \frac{\pi}{\sqrt{6}}$, we have $$1 \ln\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right) + \ln\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} - 1}{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} + 1}\right) = c.$$ Now, $$x = \frac{\pi}{\sqrt{3}} \Rightarrow y(\ln \sqrt{3}) + \ln\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} - 1}{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} + 1}\right) = \ln\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right) + \ln\left(\frac{\sqrt{3} - 1}{\sqrt{3} + 3}\right).$$ Thus, $$y(\ln \sqrt{3}) = \ln\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)$$ which implies $$\Rightarrow y = -1$$ and $$|y| = 1.$$

Question 26

Maths · Applications of Derivatives · Fill in the blank

Let $M$ and $N$ be the number of points on the curve $y^5 - 9xy + 2x = 0$, where the tangents to the curve are parallel to $x$-axis and $y$-axis, respectively. Then the value of $M + N$ equals _______.

Answer: 2

Solution

Given $y^5 - 9xy + 2x = 0$. $$5y^4 \frac{dy}{dx} - 9x \frac{dy}{dx} - 9y + 2 = 0$$ $$\frac{dy}{dx} (5y^4 - 9x) = 9y - 2$$ $$\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{9y - 2}{5y^4 - 9x} = 0 (for horizontal tangent)$$ $$y = \frac{2}{9} \Rightarrow Which does not satisfy the original equation \Rightarrow M = 0.$$ Now $5y^4 - 9x = 0$ (for vertical tangent) $$5y^4 (9y - 2) - 9y^5 = 0$$ $$y^4 [45y - 10 - 9y] = 0$$ $$y = 0 (Or) 36y = 10$$ $$y = \frac{5}{18}$$ $$y = 0 \Rightarrow x = 0 \& y = \frac{5}{18} \Rightarrow x =$$ $$(0, 0) \left(x, \frac{5}{18}\right)$$ $N = 2$ $M + N = 0 + 2 = 2$

Question 27

Maths · Sequences and Series · Fill in the blank

Let $f(x) = 2x^2 - x - 1$ and $S = \{ n \in \mathbb{Z} : |f(n)| \leq 800 \}$. Then, the value of $$ \sum_{n \in S} f(n) $$ is equal to ______.

Answer: 10620

Solution

Given $f(x) = 2x^2 - x - 1$. $|f(x)| \leq 800$ $2n^2 - n - 801 \leq 0$ $$n^2 - \frac{1}{2}n - \frac{801}{2} \leq 0$$ $$\left(n - \frac{1}{4}\right)^2 - \frac{801}{2} - \frac{1}{16} \leq 0$$ $$\left(n - \frac{1}{4}\right)^2 - \frac{6409}{16} \leq 0$$ $$\left(n - \frac{1}{4} - \frac{\sqrt{6409}}{4}\right)\left(n - \frac{1}{4} + \frac{\sqrt{6409}}{16}\right) \leq 0$$ $$\frac{1 - \sqrt{6409}}{4} \leq n \leq \frac{1 + \sqrt{6409}}{4}$$ $n \in \{-19, -18, -17, \ldots, 0, 1, 2, \ldots, 20\}$ $$\sum_{n \in S} f(n) = \sum (2n^2 - n - 1)$$ $$= 2\left[19^2 + 18^2 + \cdots + 1^2 + 2^2 + \cdots + 19^2 + 20^2\right]$$ $$= 4\left[1^2 + 2^2 + \cdots + 19^2\right] + 2\left[20^2\right] - 20 - 40$$ $$= \frac{4 \times 19 \times 20 \times (2 \times 19 + 1)}{6} + 2 \times 400 - 60$$ $$= \frac{4 \times 19 \times 20 \times 39}{6} + 800 - 60$$ $$= 9880 + 800 - 60$$ $$= 10620$$

Question 28

Maths · Matrices · Numerical

Let S be the set containing all $3 \times 3$ matrices with entries from $\{$-1, 0, 1$\}$. The total number of matrices $A \in S$ such that the sum of all the diagonal elements of $A^T A$ is 6 is _________.

Answer: 5376

Solution

Given $\mathrm{Tr}\left(AA^T\right) = 6$. $$AA^T = \begin{bmatrix} a & d & g \\ b & e & h \\ c & f & i \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} a & b & c \\ d & e & f \\ g & h & i \end{bmatrix}$$ Now given $a^2 + d^2 + g^2 + b^2 + e^2 + h^2 + c^2 + f^2 + i^2 = 6$. $$= \binom{9}{3} \times 2^6$$ $$= 5376$$

Question 29

Maths · Conic Sections · Fill in the blank

If the length of the latus rectum of the ellipse $x^2 + 4y^2 + 2x + 8y - \lambda = 0$ is 4, and $l$ is the length of its major axis, then $\lambda + l$ is equal to .

Answer: 75

Solution

Given $\lambda + \ell = 75$. $$x^2 + 4y^2 + 2x + 8y - \lambda = 0$$ $$\frac{(x+1)^2}{\lambda + 5} + \frac{(y+1)^2}{\frac{\lambda + 5}{4}} = 1$$ Therefore, $$\frac{2b^2}{a} = 4$$ $$\frac{2(\lambda + 5)}{4} = 4\left(\sqrt{\lambda + 5}\right)$$ This implies $\lambda = 59$. $\lambda \neq -5$ $\ell = 2a = 2\sqrt{\lambda + 5} = 2\sqrt{65} = 16$ Therefore, $\lambda + \ell = 59 + 16 = 75$

Question 30

Maths · Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations · Fill in the blank

Let $S = \{z \in \mathbb{C} : z^2 + \bar{z} = 0\}$. Then $\displaystyle\sum_{z \in S}\left(\mathrm{Re}(z) + \mathrm{Im}(z)\right)$ is equal to $\underline{\phantom{xxxx}}$.

Answer: 0

Solution

Given the set $S = \{ z \in \mathbb{C} : z^2 + \overline{z} = 0 \}$. Let $z = x + iy$. Then $z^2 = x^2 - y^2 + 2ixy$ and $\overline{z} = x - iy$. Therefore, $$z^2 + \overline{z} = x^2 - y^2 + x + i(2xy - y) = 0.$$ This implies $$x^2 + x - y^2 = 0 and 2xy - y = 0.$$ Thus, $y = 0$ or $x = \frac{1}{2}$. If $y = 0$, then $x = 0, -1$. If $x = \frac{1}{2}$, then $y = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}, -\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$. The sum is $$\sum_{z \in S} \left( \mathrm{Re}(z) + \mathrm{Im}(z) \right) = \left( 0 - 1 + \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \right) + 0 + 0 + \left( \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \right).$$

Physics

Question 31

Physics · Physical World, Units and Measurements · Single correct

A torque meter is calibrated to reference standards of mass, length and time each with 5$\%$ accuracy. After calibration, the measured torque with this torque meter will have net accuracy of :

  1. 15$\%$
  2. 25$\%$
  3. 75$\%$
  4. 5$\%$

Answer: (b)

Solution

Dimensional formula for Torque $$[\tau] = [ML^2T^{-2}]$$ Now Percentage error in torque = % $\tau$ = % M + 2 $\%$ L + 2 $\%$ T % $\tau$ = 25$\%$

Question 32

Physics · System of Particles and Rotational Motion · Single correct

A bullet is shot vertically downwards with an initial velocity of 100 m/s from a certain height. Within 10 s, the bullet reaches the ground and instantaneously comes to rest due to the perfectly inelastic collision. The velocity-time curve for total time $t = 20 \, \mathrm{s}$ will be: (Take $g = 10 \, \mathrm{m/s^2}$)

Answer: (a)

Solution

Given the equation for velocity, $$V = -100 - 10t$$.

Question 33

Physics · Work, Energy and Power · Single correct

Sand is being dropped from a stationary dropper at a rate of $0.5 \, \mathrm{kg/s}^{-1}$ on a conveyor belt moving with a velocity of $5 \, \mathrm{m/s}^{-1}$. The power needed to keep belt moving with the same velocity will be:

  1. 1.25 W
  2. 2.5 W
  3. 6.25 W
  4. 12.5 W

Answer: (d)

Solution

$\text{Thrust} = \lambda V_{rel}$ $= 2.5\,\text{N}$ $\text{Now, Power} = F \times V = 12.5\,\text{W}$

Question 34

Physics · Laws of Motion · Single correct

A bag is gently dropped on a conveyor belt moving at a speed of $2 \, \mathrm{m/s}$. The coefficient of friction between the conveyor belt and bag is $0.4$. Initially, the bag slips on the belt before it stops due to friction. The distance travelled by the bag on the belt during slipping motion is: [Take $g = 10 \, \mathrm{m/s}^{-2}$]

  1. 2 m
  2. 0.5 m
  3. 3.2 m
  4. 0.8 m

Answer: (b)

Solution

In frame of belt $a = \mu g = 4 \, \mathrm{m/s^2}$, $v = 2 \, \mathrm{m/s}$, $u = 0$ $$v^2 = u^2 + 2as$$ $$\Rightarrow s = 0.5 \, \mathrm{m}$$

Question 35

Physics · Mechanical Properties of Fluids · Single correct

Two cylindrical vessels of equal cross-sectional area $16 \, \mathrm{cm}^2$ contain water up to heights $100 \, \mathrm{cm}$ and $150 \, \mathrm{cm}$ respectively. The vessels are interconnected so that the water levels in them become equal. The work done by the force of gravity during the process, is [Take density of water $= 10^3 \, \mathrm{kg/m}^3$ and $g = 10 \, \mathrm{m/s}^2$]

  1. 0.25 J
  2. 1 J
  3. 8 J
  4. 12 J

Answer: (b)

Solution

Given $h = \frac{h_1 + h_2}{2}$. Now, $W = U_i - U_f$. $$W = (\rho A h_1) g \frac{h_1}{2} + (\rho A h_2) g \frac{h_2}{2} - \rho A (h_1 + h_2) g \left( \frac{h_1 + h_2}{4} \right)$$ $$W = \frac{\rho A g}{2} \left[ h_1^2 + h_2^2 - \left( \frac{h_1 + h_2}{2} \right)^2 \right]$$ $W = 1 \, \mathrm{J}$

Question 36

Physics · Gravitation · Single correct

Two satellites A and B having masses in the ratio 4:3 are revolving in circular orbits of radii 3r and 4r respectively around the earth. The ratio of total mechanical energy of A to B is :

  1. 9 : 16
  2. 16 : 9
  3. 1 : 1
  4. 4 : 3

Answer: (b)

Solution

Given that $\frac{m_1}{m_2} = \frac{4}{3}$, $\frac{r_1}{r_2} = \frac{3}{4}$. Now TE $= \frac{1}{2} mv^2 + \left( \frac{-GMm}{r} \right)$. But $\frac{mv^2}{r} = \frac{GMm}{r^2} \implies mv^2 = \frac{GMm}{r}$. Therefore, $TE = \frac{-GMm}{2r} \propto \frac{m}{r}$. $$\frac{TE_1}{TE_2} = \frac{m_1}{m_2} \cdot \frac{r_2}{r_1} = \frac{4}{3} \times \frac{4}{3} = \frac{16}{9}$$

Question 37

Physics · Thermal Properties of Matter · Single correct

If $K_1$ and $K_2$ are the thermal conductivities $L_1$ and $L_2$ are the lengths and $A_1$ and $A_2$ are the cross sectional areas of steel and copper rods respectively such that $\frac{K_2}{K_1} = 9$, $\frac{A_1}{A_2} = 2$, $\frac{L_1}{L_2} = 2$. Then, for the arrangement as shown in the figure. The value of temperature $T$ of the steel – copper junction in the steady state will be :

  1. 18^$\circ$ C
  2. 14^$\circ$ C
  3. 45^$\circ$ C
  4. 150^$\circ$ C

Answer: (c)

Solution

Given $T_1 = 450^\circ \mathrm{C}$ and $T_2 = 0^\circ \mathrm{C}$. $$\frac{d\theta}{dt} = \frac{K_1 A_1}{l_1} (T_1 - T) = \frac{K_2 A_2}{l_2} (T - T_2)$$ $$\Rightarrow \frac{450 - T}{T - 0} = \frac{K_2 A_2 l_1}{K_1 A_1 l_2} = 9 \times \frac{1}{2} \times 2$$ $$\Rightarrow 450 - T = 9T \Rightarrow T = 45^\circ \mathrm{C}$$

Question 38

Physics · Thermodynamics · Single correct

Read the following statements : A. When small temperature difference between a liquid and its surrounding is doubled the rate of loss of heat of the liquid becomes twice. B. Two bodies P and Q having equal surface areas are maintained at temperature 10^$\circ$ $\mathrm{C}$ and 20^$\circ$ $\mathrm{C}$. The thermal radiation emitted in a given time by P and Q are in the ratio 1 : 1.15 C. A carnot Engine working between 100 \, $\mathrm{K}$ and 400 \, $\mathrm{K}$ has an efficiency of 75$\%$ D. When small temperature difference between a liquid and its surrounding is quadrupled, the rate of loss of heat of the liquid becomes twice. Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

  1. A, B, C only
  2. A, B only
  3. A, C only
  4. B, C, D only

Answer: (a)

Solution

Heat Transfer A. by Newton's law of cooling $\frac{d\theta}{dt} = \infty \, \Delta T$ B. $\mathrm{H} = \frac{d\theta}{dt} = \sigma e A T^4 \Rightarrow \frac{H_P}{H_Q} = \left( \frac{T_P}{T_Q} \right)^4 = \left( \frac{283}{293} \right)^4$ $H_P : H_Q = 1 \,(1.03)^4 = 1 : (1.03)^4 = 1 : 1.15$ $\Rightarrow$ B is correct C. $\eta = 1 - \frac{100}{400} = \frac{3}{4} = 75\%$ D. is wrong as $\frac{d\theta}{dt} \propto \Delta T$

Question 39

Physics · Kinetic Theory · Multiple correct

Same gas is filled in two vessels of the same volume at the same temperature. If the ratio of the number of molecules is $1:4$, then A. The r.m.s. velocity of gas molecules in two vessels will be the same. B. The ratio of pressure in these vessels will be $1:4$. C. The ratio of pressure will be $1:1$. D. The r.m.s. velocity of gas molecules in two vessels will be in the ratio of $1:4$.

  1. A and C only
  2. B and D only
  3. A and B only
  4. C and D only

Answer: (c)

Solution

KTG A. $V_{Rms} = \sqrt{\frac{3RT}{M_w}} \Rightarrow V_{Rms}$ is same B. $\frac{P_1}{P_2} = \frac{N_1}{N_2} \Rightarrow$ B is correct Ans [A $\&$ B only are correct]

Question 40

Physics · Oscillations · Single correct

Two identical positive charges $Q$ each are fixed at a distance of $'2a'$ apart from each other. Another point charge $q_0$ with mass $'m'$ is placed at midpoint between two fixed charges. For a small displacement along the line joining the fixed charges, the charge $q_0$ executes SHM. The time period of oscillation of charge $q_0$ will be:

  1. $\sqrt{\frac{4\pi^3 \varepsilon_0 ma^3}{q_0 Q}}$
  2. $\sqrt{\frac{q_0 Q}{4\pi^3 \varepsilon_0 ma^3}}$
  3. $\sqrt{\frac{2\pi^2 \varepsilon_0 ma^3}{q_0 Q}}$
  4. $\sqrt{\frac{8\pi^3 \varepsilon_0 ma^3}{q_0 Q}}$

Answer: (a)

Solution

Given the electrostatic setup, the force is given by: $$ F = m \cdot acc^n = \frac{KQq_0}{(a-x)^2} - \frac{KQq_0}{(a+x)^2} $$ Simplifying, we have: $$ m \cdot acc^n = \frac{KQq_0 [2a][2x]}{(a^2 - x^2)^2} $$ This implies: $$ \Rightarrow acc^n \approx \left( \frac{4kQq_0}{ma^3} \right) x $$ The period $T$ is given by: $$ T = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{\pi \varepsilon_0 ma^3}{Qq_0}} $$ Simplifying further: $$ T = \sqrt{\frac{4\pi^3 \varepsilon_0 ma^3}{Qq_0}} $$

Question 41

Physics · Current Electricity · Single correct

Two sources of equal emfs are connected in series. This combination is connected to an external resistance R. The internal resistances of the two sources are $r_1$ and $r_2$ ($r_1 > r_2$). If the potential difference across the source of internal resistance $r_1$ is zero then the value of $R$ will be

  1. $r_1 - r_2$
  2. $\frac{r_1 r_2}{r_1 + r_2}$
  3. $\frac{r_1 + r_2}{2}$
  4. $r_2 - r_1$

Answer: (a)

Solution

Given the circuit, we have the following equations. The current $I$ is given by: $$I = \frac{2E}{r_1 + r_2 + R}$$ The voltage across $R$ is: $$IR = E - Ir_2$$ Rearranging gives: $$I(R + r_2) = E$$ Solving for $I$ gives: $$I = \frac{E}{R + r_2}$$ Equating the two expressions for $I$: $$\frac{2E}{r_1 + r_2 + R} = \frac{E}{R + r_2}$$ Simplifying, we get: $$2R + 2r_2 = r_1 + r_2 + R$$ Solving for $R$ gives: $$R = r_1 - r_2$$

Question 42

Physics · Oscillations · Single correct

Two bar magnets oscillate in a horizontal plane in earth's magnetic field with time periods of 3 s and 4 s respectively. If their moments of inertia are in the ratio of 3 : 2 then the ratio of their magnetic moments will e :

  1. 2 : 1
  2. 8 : 3
  3. 1 : 3
  4. 27 : 16

Answer: (b)

Solution

The formula for the period is given by $$T = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{I}{M B_H}}$$ For the first case, we have $$T_1 = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{I_1}{M_1 B_H}}$$ For the second case, we have $$T_2 = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{I_1}{M_2 B_H}}$$ Given that $$\sqrt{\frac{I_1}{I_2}} \times \frac{M_2}{M_1} = \frac{3}{4}$$ Simplifying, we have $$\sqrt{\frac{I_1}{I_2}} \times \sqrt{\frac{M_2}{M_1}} = \frac{3}{4}$$ This implies $$\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}} \times \sqrt{\frac{M_2}{M_1}} = \frac{3}{4}$$ Squaring both sides, we get $$\frac{3}{2} \times \frac{M_2}{M_1} = \frac{9}{16}$$ Solving for $\frac{M_1}{M_2}$, we find $$\frac{M_1}{M_2} = \frac{8}{3}$$

Question 43

Physics · Magnetism and Matter · Single correct

A magnet hung at $45^\circ$ with magnetic meridian makes an angle of $60^\circ$ with the horizontal. The actual value of the angle of dip is

  1. $\tan^{-1}\left(\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}\right)$
  2. $\tan^{-1}\left(\sqrt{6}\right)$
  3. $\tan^{-1}\left(\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}\right)$
  4. $\tan^{-1}\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}\right)$

Answer: (a)

Solution

Given $\tan \theta' = \frac{\tan \theta}{\cos \alpha}$. $\newline$ $\theta' = 60^\circ$ $\newline$ $\alpha = 45^\circ$ $\newline$ $\sqrt{3} = \frac{\tan \theta}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}}$ $\newline$ $\tan \theta = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$ $\newline$ $\theta = \tan^{-1} \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$

Question 44

Physics · Current Electricity · Single correct

A direct current of 4 A and an alternating current of peak value 4 A flow through resistance of 3 $\Omega$ and 2 $\Omega$ respectively. The ratio of heat produced in the two resistances in same interval of time will be:

  1. 3 : 2
  2. 3 : 1
  3. 3 : 4
  4. 4 : 3

Answer: (b)

Solution

For DC, $H_1 = i^2 R_1 t$. For AC, $H_2 = i_{rms}^2 R_2 t$ where $i_{rms} = \frac{i_0}{\sqrt{2}}$. Calculating $H_1$: $$H_1 = 16(3)t$$ Calculating $H_2$: $$H_2 = \frac{i_0^2}{2} R_2 t$$ $$H_2 = 16t$$ The ratio $H_1 : H_2 = 3 : 1$.

Question 45

Physics · Electromagnetic Induction · Single correct

A beam of light travelling along X-axis is described by the electric field $E_y = 900 \sin \omega (t-x/c)$. The ratio of electric force to magnetic force on a charge $q$ moving along Y-axis with a speed of $3 \times 10^7 \, \mathrm{ms}^{-1}$ will be: [Given speed of light = $3 \times 10^8 \, \mathrm{ms}^{-1}$]

  1. 1 : 1
  2. 1 : 10
  3. 10 : 1
  4. 1 : 2

Answer: (c)

Solution

Given $E_y = 900 \sin \left( \omega t - \frac{\omega x}{c} \right)$. $E_0 = 900$. The forces are given by: $$F_E = qE_0$$ $$F_B = qvB_0$$ The ratio of the forces is: $$\frac{F_E}{F_B} = \frac{E_0}{vB_0} = \frac{c}{v} = \frac{3 \times 10^8}{3 \times 10^7} = 10:1$$

Question 46

Physics · Wave Optics · Single correct

A microscope was initially placed in air (refractive index 1). It is then immersed in oil (refractive index 2). For a light whose wavelength in air is $\lambda$, calculate the change of microscope’s resolving power due to oil and choose the correct option

  1. Resolving power will be $\frac{1}{4}$ in the oil than it was in the air
  2. Resolving power will be twice in the oil than it was in the air.
  3. Resolving power will be four times in the oil than it was in the air.
  4. Resolving power will be $\frac{1}{2}$ in the oil than it was in the air.

Answer: (b)

Solution

The resolving power in air is given by $$(\mathrm{R.P})_{air} = \frac{2 \sin \theta}{1.22 \lambda}$$ The resolving power in oil is $$(\mathrm{R.P})_{oil} = \frac{2 \sin \theta}{1.22 \lambda_{oil}} = \frac{2 \sin \theta \times \mu}{1.22 \lambda}$$ Therefore, $$(\mathrm{R.P})_{oil} = (\mathrm{R.P})_{air} \times 2$$

Question 47

Physics · Atoms · Single correct

An electron (mass m) with an initial velocity $\vec{v} = v_0 \hat{i} (v_0 > 0)$ is moving in an electric field $\vec{E} = -E_0 \hat{i} (E_0 > 0)$ where $E_0$ is constant. If at $t = 0$ de Broglie wavelength is $\lambda_0 = \frac{h}{mv_0}$, then its de Broglie wavelength after time $t$ is given by

  1. $\lambda_0$
  2. $\lambda_0 \left( 1 + \frac{eE_0 t}{mv_0} \right)$
  3. $\lambda_0 t$
  4. $\frac{\lambda_0}{\left( 1 + \frac{eE_0 t}{mv_0} \right)}$

Answer: (d)

Solution

Given $\mathbf{e}$ with initial velocity $V_0$. The electric field is $\mathbf{E} = -E_0 \hat{i}$. The initial wavelength is $\lambda_0 = \frac{h}{mv_0}$. The velocity is $\mathbf{v} = \mathbf{v}_0 + \frac{eE_0 t}{m}$. The wavelength is $$\lambda = \frac{h}{mv} = \frac{h}{m \left( v_0 + \frac{eE_0 t}{m} \right)}.$$ This simplifies to $$\lambda' = \frac{h}{mv_0 \left( 1 + \frac{eE_0}{mv_0} t \right)}.$$ Thus, $$\lambda' = \frac{\lambda_0}{1 + \frac{eE_0}{mv_0} t}.$$

Question 48

Physics · Nuclei · Single correct

What is the half-life period of a radioactive material if its activity drops to $1/16^{th}$ of its initial value of 30 years?

  1. 9.5 years
  2. 8.5 years
  3. 7.5 years
  4. 10.5 years

Answer: (c)

Solution

Given $A = A_0 e^{-\lambda t}$. Therefore, $$-\lambda t = \ln \left( \frac{A}{A_0} \right)$$ which implies $$-\frac{\ln 2}{t_{1/2}} \times 30 = \ln \left( \frac{1}{16} \right)$$ leading to $$-\frac{\ln 2}{t_{1/2}} \times 30 = -4 \ln 2$$ Therefore, $$t_{1/2} = \frac{30}{4} = 7.5 yrs$$

Question 49

Physics · Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits · Single correct

A logic gate circuit has two inputs A and B and output Y. The voltage waveforms of A, B and Y are shown below

  1. AND gate
  2. OR gate
  3. NOR gate
  4. NAND gate

Answer: (a)

Solution

By making Truth table Comparing with output of AND gate logic gate present is AND gate

Question 50

Physics · Communication Systems · Single correct

At a particular station, the TV transmission tower has a height of 100 m. To triple its coverage range, height of the tower should be increased to

  1. 200 m
  2. 300 m
  3. 600 m
  4. 900 m

Answer: (d)

Solution

Let $d$ be range $$d^2 = (h+R)^2 - R^2$$ $$= h^2 + R^2 + 2Rh - R^2$$ $$d^2 = h^2 + 2Rh$$ As $R >>>> h$ then $$d \approx \sqrt{2Rh} .... (1)$$ Now, if coverage is to be increased 3 times $$3d = \sqrt{2Rh'} .... (2)$$ Divide 2 and 1 $$\frac{3d}{d} = \sqrt{\frac{2Rh'}{2Rh}}$$ $$9 = \frac{h'}{h}$$ $$9h = h'$$ If $h = 100 \, \mathrm{m}$ then tower of height $900 \, \mathrm{m}$ is required

Question 51

Physics · Experimental Physics · Numerical

In meter bridge experiment for measuring unknown resistance ‘S’, the null point is obtained at a distance 30 cm from the left side as shown at point D. If R is 5.6 $\,$ $\mathrm{k\Omega}$ , then the value of unknown resistance ‘S’ will be

Answer: 2400

Solution

Given $\($ $\frac{S}{30}$ = $\frac{5.6 \times 10^3}{70}$ $\)$. Solving for $\($ S $\)$, we have: $$ S = \frac{3}{7} \times 5.6 \times 10^3 = 2400 $$

Question 52

Physics · Physical World, Units and Measurements · Numerical

The one division of the main scale of a Vernier callipers reads 1 mm and 10 divisions of the Vernier scale are equal to 9 divisions on the main scale. When the two jaws of the instrument touch each other, the zero of the Vernier lies to the right of the zero of the main scale and its 4$^{\text{th}}$ division coincides with a main scale division. When a spherical bob is tightly placed between the two jaws, the zero of the Vernier scale lies between 4.1 $\mathrm{cm}$ and 4.2 $\mathrm{cm}$ and the 6$^{\text{th}}$ Vernier division coincides with a main scale division. The diameter of the bob will be ____ $\times$ 10$^{-2}$ $\mathrm{cm}$.

Answer: 412

Solution

10 VSD = 9 MSD 1 VST = 0.9 MSD L.C. = 0.1 mm = 0.01 cm +ve zero error = 0.4 mm = 0.04 cm Negative zero error = 4.1 cm + 6 $\times$ 0.01 = 4.12 cm = 412 $\times$ 10^{-2} cm

Question 53

Physics · Wave Optics · Numerical

Two beams of light having intensities I and 4I interfere to produce a fringe pattern on a screen. The phase difference between the two beams are $\pi/2$ and $\pi/3$ at points A and B respectively. The difference between the resultant intensities at the two points is xI. The value of x will be _____.

Answer: 2

Solution

Given $\phi_A = \frac{\pi}{2}$ and $\phi_B = \frac{\pi}{3}$. $$I_A = I + 4I + 2 \sqrt{I} \sqrt{4I} \cos \left( \frac{\pi}{2} \right)$$ This simplifies to: $$= 5I + 4I \cdot 0 = 5I$$ Next, $$+ 4I + 2 \sqrt{I} \sqrt{4I} \cos(60^\circ)$$ $$- 4I \times \frac{1}{2} = 7I$$ Finally, $$\lambda = 7I - 5I = 2I, \ (x = 2)$$

Question 54

Physics · Alternating Current · Fill in the blank

To light a $50\,\mathrm{W}$, $100\,\mathrm{V}$ lamp is connected in series with a capacitor of capacitance $\dfrac{50}{\pi\sqrt{x}}\,\mu\mathrm{F}$, with $200\,\mathrm{V}$, $50\,\mathrm{Hz}$ AC source. The value of $x$ will be ____.

Answer: 3

Solution

Given $P = \frac{V^2}{R}$, we have $R = \frac{V^2}{P}$. For $V_R = 200 \, \Omega$ and $V_C$, with $V = 200 \, \mathrm{V}$ and $50 \, \mathrm{Hz}$, $$R = \frac{100 \times 10^2}{50} = R = 200 \, \Omega$$ The equation $V_R^2 + V_C^2 = V^2$ gives $$(100)^2 + V_C^2 = (200)^2$$ Solving for $i$, we have $$i = \frac{100}{200} = \frac{1}{2}$$ Thus, $V^2 = 40000$ and $V_C^2 = 30000$. For $V = I \times X_C$, we have $$V_C = 100 \sqrt{3}$$ $$X_C = 200 \sqrt{3}$$ Solving $200 \sqrt{3} = \frac{1}{\omega C}$, we find $$C = \frac{1}{20 \times 50 \times 20 \sqrt{3}} = \frac{50 \times 10^{-6}}{\sqrt{x}}$$

Question 55

Physics · Current Electricity · Numerical

A 1 m long copper wire carries a current of 1 A. If the cross section of the wire is 2.0 $\mathrm{mm^2}$ and the resistivity of copper is $1.7 \times 10^{-8} \, \Omega \, \mathrm{m}$, the force experienced by moving electron in the wire is $\times 10^{-23} \, \mathrm{N}$. (charge on electron $= 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \, \mathrm{C}$)

Answer: 136

Solution

Given $l = 1 \, \mathrm{m}$, $i = 1 \, \mathrm{A}$. Area $= 2 \times 10^{-6}$. $\rho = 1.7 \times 10^{-8}$. $$R = \frac{\rho \, \ell}{A} = \frac{1.7 \times 10^{-8} \times 1}{2 \times 10^{-5}} = \frac{1.7}{2} \times 10^{-2}$$ $$v = \frac{1.7}{2} \times 10^{-2}$$ $$F = 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \times \frac{1.7}{2} \times 10^{-2}$$ $$= 1.36 \times 10^{-21}$$ $$= 136 \times 10^{-23}$$

Question 56

Physics · Electric Charges and Fields · Fill in the blank

A long cylindrical volume contains a uniformly distributed charge of density $\rho \, \mathrm{Cm}^{-3}$. The electric field inside the cylindrical volume at a distance $x = \frac{2 \varepsilon_0}{\rho}$ m from its axis is ______ $\mathrm{Vm}^{-1}$

Answer: 1

Solution

The integral of the electric field over the surface is given by $$\int E \, dS \cos 0 = \frac{q}{\varepsilon_0}$$ which implies $$E \cdot 2 \pi x h = \frac{\rho \times \pi x^2 h}{\varepsilon_0}$$ Therefore, $$E = \frac{\rho x}{2 \varepsilon_0}$$ Finally, $$E = \frac{\rho}{2 \varepsilon_0} \times \frac{2 \varepsilon_0}{\rho} = 1$$

Question 57

Physics · Oscillations · Numerical

A mass 0.9 $\mathrm{kg}$, attached to a horizontal spring, executes SHM with an amplitude $A_1$. When this mass passes through its mean position, then a smaller mass of 124 $\mathrm{g}$ is placed over it and both masses move together with amplitude $A_2$. If the ratio $\frac{A_1}{A_2}$ is $\frac{\alpha}{\alpha - 1}$, then the value of $\alpha$ will be .

Answer: 16

Solution

Given $\($ $\frac{1}{2}$ k A^2 = $\frac{p^2}{2m}$ $\)$. \[ \Rightarrow \left( \frac{A_1}{A_2} \right)^2 = \frac{m_2}{m_1} = \frac{1024}{900} \] \[ \Rightarrow \frac{A_1}{A_2} = \frac{32}{30} = \frac{16}{15} = \frac{16}{16-1} \] Therefore, $\($ $\alpha$ = 16 $\)$

Question 58

Physics · Mechanical Properties of Solids · Numerical

A square aluminium (shear modulus is $25 \times 10^9 \, \mathrm{Nm}^{-2}$) slab of side $60 \, \mathrm{cm}$ and thickness $15 \, \mathrm{cm}$ is subjected to a shearing force (on its narrow face) of $18.0 \times 10^4 \, \mathrm{N}$. The lower edge is riveted to the floor. The displacement of the upper edge is _____ $\mu \, \mathrm{m}$.

Answer: 48

Solution

Given $\($ $\frac{F}{A}$ = $\eta$ $\frac{x}{\ell}$ $\Rightarrow$ $\frac{F \ell}{A \eta}$ = x $\)$ \[ \Rightarrow x = \frac{18 \times 10^4 \times 60 \times 10^{-2}}{60 \times 10^{-2} \times 15 \times 10^{-2} \times 25 \times 10^9} ] [ = 48 \times 10^{-6} \mathrm{m} = 48 \mu \mathrm{m} \]

Question 59

Physics · System of Particles and Rotational Motion · Numerical

A pulley of radius 1.5 m is rotated about its axis by a force $F = (12t - 3t^2) \, \mathrm{N}$ applied tangentially (while $t$ is measured in seconds). If moment of inertia of the pulley about its axis of rotation is $4.5 \, \mathrm{kg \, m^2}$, the number of rotations made by the pulley before its direction of motion is reversed, will be $\frac{K}{\pi}$. The value of $K$ is ____.

Answer: 18

Solution

Given $\tau = I \alpha \Rightarrow (12t - 3t^2)1.5 = 4.5 \alpha$. This implies $\alpha = 4t - t^2$. Differentiating, $\frac{d\omega}{dt} = 4t - t^2 \Rightarrow \omega = \int_0^t (4t - t^2) \, dt$. Thus, $\omega = 2t^2 - t^3/3$. For $\omega = 0 = 2t^2 - \frac{t^3}{3} \Rightarrow t^2 \left(2 - \frac{t}{3}\right) = 0$. This implies $t = 0, 6$. Differentiating again, $\frac{d\theta}{dt} = 2t^2 - \frac{t^3}{3} \Rightarrow \theta = \int_0^6 (2t^2 - \frac{t^3}{3}) \, dt$. Evaluating, $$\left[ \frac{2t^3}{3} - \frac{t^4}{12} \right]_0^6$$ $$= 6^3 \left( \frac{2}{3} - \frac{6}{12} \right) = 6^3 \left( \frac{8 - 6}{12} \right)$$ $$= \frac{6^3}{6} = 36$$ The number of revolutions is $\frac{36}{2\pi} = \frac{18}{\pi}$. Therefore, $K = 18$.

Question 60

Physics · Motion in a Plane · Numerical

A ball of mass m is thrown vertically upward. Another ball of mass 2 m is thrown an angle $\theta$ with the vertical. Both the balls stay in air for the same period of time. The ratio of the heights attained by the two balls respectively is $\frac{1}{x}$. The value of $x$ is _____.

Answer: 1

Solution

Time of flight is same. Therefore, vertical component of velocity is same. Hence, $H_{max}$ is same.

Chemistry

Question 61

Chemistry · Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry · Single correct

250 $\mathrm{g}$ solution of D-glucose in water contains 10.8$\%$ of carbon by weight. The molality of the solution is nearest to (Given: Atomic Weights are H, 1u ; C, 12u ; O, 16u)

  1. 1.03
  2. 2.06
  3. 3.09
  4. 5.40

Answer: (b)

Solution

$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6}\rightarrow$ Glucose We know: $\frac{\text{mass of C}}{\text{mass of glucose}}=\frac{72}{180}$ Given: $\%C=10.8=\frac{\text{mass of C}}{\text{mass of solution}}\times100$ $\frac{10.8\times250}{100}=\text{mass of C}$ $\Rightarrow$ Mass of C $=27\,\mathrm{gm}$ $\therefore$ mass of glucose $=67.5\,\mathrm{gm}$ $\therefore$ moles of glucose $=0.375\,\mathrm{moles}$ Mass of solvent $=250-67.5\,\mathrm{gm}=182.5\,\mathrm{gm}$ $\therefore$ Molality $=\frac{0.375}{0.1825}=2.055\approx2.06$

Question 62

Chemistry · Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure · Single correct

Given below are two statements. \textbf{Statement I:} $O_2$, $Cu^{2+}$ and $Fe^{3+}$ are weakly attracted by magnetic field and are magnetized in the same direction as magnetic field. \textbf{Statement II:} $NaCl$ and $H_2O$ are weakly magnetized in opposite direction to magnetic field. In the light of the above statements, choose the \textbf{\textit{most appropriate}} answer from the options given below:

  1. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
  2. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
  3. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.
  4. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.

Answer: (a)

Solution

$O_2$, $\mathrm{Cu^{2+}}$ and $\mathrm{Fe^{3+}}$ are paramagnetic, $\therefore$ Weakly attracted by magnetic field. $\mathrm{NaCl}$ and $\mathrm{H_2O}$ are diamagnetic, $\therefore$ Weakly repelled by magnetic field.

Question 63

Chemistry · Structure of Atom · Single correct

Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R. Assertion A : Energy of 2s orbital of hydrogen atom is greater than that of 2s orbital of lithium. Reason R : Energies of the orbitals in the same subshell decrease with increase in the atomic number. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

  1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
  2. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
  3. A is true but R is false.
  4. A is false but R is true.

Answer: (a)

Solution

Energy of orbitals decreases on increasing the atomic number.

Question 64

Chemistry · States of Matter · Single correct

Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R. Assertion A : Activated charcoal adsorbs SO$_2$ more efficiently than CH$_4$. Reason R : Gases with lower critical temperatures are readily adsorbed by activated charcoal. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

  1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
  2. Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
  3. A is correct but R is not correct.
  4. A is not correct but R is correct.

Answer: (c)

Solution

SO$_2$ is absorbed to a greater extent than CH$_4$ on activated charcoal under same conditions. Gases with higher critical temperature are readily absorbed by activated charcoal.

Question 65

Chemistry · Solutions · Single correct

Boiling point of a 2$\%$ aqueous solution of a non-volatile solute A is equal to the boiling point of 8$\%$ aqueous solution of a non-volatile solute B. The relation between molecular weights of A and B is.

  1. $M_A = 4M_B$
  2. $M_B = 4M_A$
  3. $M_A = 8M_B$
  4. $M_B = 8M_A$

Answer: (b)

Solution

For A: 100 gm solution $\rightarrow$ 2 gm solute A. Therefore, molality $= \frac{2}{M_A} / 0.098$. For B: 100 gm solution $\rightarrow$ 8 gm solute B. Therefore, molality $= \frac{8}{M_B} / 0.092$. Since $(\Delta T_B)_A = (\Delta T_B)_B$, the molality of A equals the molality of B. Therefore, $$\frac{2}{0.098 M_A} = \frac{8}{0.092 M_B}$$ $$\frac{2}{98} \times \frac{92}{8} = \frac{M_A}{M_B}$$ $$\frac{1}{4.261} = \frac{M_A}{M_B}$$ Thus, $M_B = 4.261 \times M_A$.

Question 66

Chemistry · The p-Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18) · Single correct

The incorrect statement is

  1. The first ionization enthalpy of K is less than that of Na and Li
  2. Xe does not have the lowest first ionization enthalpy in its group
  3. The first ionization enthalpy of element with atomic number 37 is lower than that of the element with atomic number 38.
  4. The first ionization enthalpy of Ga is higher than that of the d-block element with atomic number 30.

Answer: (d)

Solution

Ionization enthalpy order: $\mathrm{Li} > \mathrm{Na} > \mathrm{K}$ $\mathrm{He} > \mathrm{Ne} > \mathrm{Ar} > \mathrm{Kr} > \mathrm{Xe} > \mathrm{Rn}$ $\mathrm{Sr} > \mathrm{Rb}$ $\mathrm{Zn} > \mathrm{Ga}$

Question 67

Chemistry · General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements · Single correct

Which of the following methods are not used to refine any metal? (A) Liquation (B) Calcination ($C$) Electrolysis (D) Leaching (E) Distillation Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. B and D only
  2. A, B, D and E only
  3. B, D and E only
  4. A, C and E only

Answer: (a)

Solution

Calcination and leaching are the methods of concentration of ore and not that of refining.

Question 68

Chemistry · Hydrogen · Single correct

Given below are two statements: Statement I : Hydrogen peroxide can act as an oxidizing agent in both acidic and basic conditions. Statement II: Density of hydrogen peroxide at 298 $\mathrm{K}$ is lower than that of $\mathrm{D_2O}$. In the light of the above statements. Choose the correct answer from the options.

  1. Both statement I and Statement II are true
  2. Both statement I and Statement II are false
  3. Statement I is true but Statement II is false
  4. Statement I is false but Statement II is true

Answer: (c)

Solution

Depending on the nature of reducing agent $\mathrm{H_2O_2}$ can act as an oxidising agent in both acidic as well as basic medium. Density of $\mathrm{D_2O} = 1.1 \, \mathrm{g/cc}$ Density of $\mathrm{H_2O_2} = 1.45 \, \mathrm{g/cc}$

Question 69

Chemistry · The p-Block Elements (Group-13 and 14) · Single correct

Given below are two statements: Statement I : The chlorides of Be and Al have Cl-bridged structure. Both are soluble in organic solvents and act as Lewis bases. Statement II: Hydroxides of Be and Al dissolve in excess alkali to give beryllate and aluminate ions. In the light of the above statements. Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

  1. Both statement I and Statement II are true
  2. Both statement I and Statement II are false
  3. Statement I is true but Statement II is false
  4. Statement I is false but Statement II is true

Answer: (d)

Solution

Be$_2$Cl$_4$ is lewis acid and Al$_2$Cl$_6$ has complete octet. Be and Al are amphoteric metals therefore dissolve in acid as well as alkaline solution and form beryllate and aluminate ions in excess alkali.

Question 70

Chemistry · The p-Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18) · Single correct

Which oxoacid of phosphorous has the highest number of oxygen atoms present in its chemical formula?

  1. Pyrophosphorous acid
  2. Hypophosphoric acid
  3. Phosphoric acid
  4. Pyrophosphoric acid

Answer: (d)

Solution

Pyrophosphorous acid $\rightarrow \mathrm{H_4P_2O_5}$. Hypophosphoric acid $\rightarrow \mathrm{H_4P_2O_6}$. Phosphoric acid $\rightarrow \mathrm{H_3PO_4}$. Pyrophosphoric acid $\rightarrow \mathrm{H_4P_2O_7}$.

Question 71

Chemistry · The d-and f-Block Elements · Single correct

Given below are two statements: Statement I : Iron (III) catalyst, acidified $K_2Cr_2O_7$ and neutral $KMnO_4$ have the ability to oxidise $I^-$ to $I_2$ independently. Statement II: Manganate ion is paramagnetic in nature and involves $p\pi -p\pi$ bonding. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options.

  1. Both statement I and Statement II are true
  2. Both statement I and Statement II are false
  3. Statement I is true but Statement II is false
  4. Statement I is false but Statement II is true

Answer: (b)

Solution

Neutral $\mathrm{KMnO_4}$ oxidises $\mathrm{I^-}$ to $\mathrm{IO_3^-}$. Manganate ion has $d\pi$-$p\pi$ bonding.

Question 72

Chemistry · The p-Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18) · Single correct

The total number of $\mathrm{Mn = O}$ bonds in $\mathrm{Mn_2O_7}$ is

  1. 4
  2. 5
  3. 6
  4. 3

Answer: (c)

Solution

The structure shown is a dimer of manganese with bridging oxygen atoms. Each manganese is bonded to four oxygen atoms, two of which are double-bonded and one is a bridging oxygen.

Question 73

Chemistry · Environmental Chemistry · Single correct

Match List I with List II

  1. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
  2. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
  3. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
  4. A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I

Answer: (b)

Solution

A. Sulphate (>500 ppm) - Causes laxative effect that leads to dehydration. B. Nitrate (>50 ppm) - Causes methemoglobinemia, skin appears blue. C. Lead (> 50 ppb) – It damages kidney and RBC. D. Fluoride (>2 ppm) – It causes brown mottling of teeth.

Question 74

Chemistry · Hydrocarbons · Single correct

Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R. Assertion A : [6] Annulene. [8] Annulene and cis -[10] Annulene, are respectively aromatic, not-aromatic and aromatic. Reason R : Planarity is one of the requirements of aromatic systems. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

  1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
  2. Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
  3. A is correct but R is not correct.
  4. A is not correct but R is correct.

Answer: (d)

Solution

If this annulene with five cis double bonds were planar, each internal angle would be $144^\circ$. Since a normal double bond has a bond angle of $120^\circ$, this would be far from ideal. This compound can be made but it does not adopt a planar conformation and therefore is not aromatic even though it has ten $\pi$ electrons.

Question 75

Chemistry · Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers · Single correct

In the above reaction product B is:

Answer: (a)

Solution

The reaction starts with the given compound reacting with $\mathrm{HCl}$ under heat $\Delta$ to form compound (A) with a chlorine substituent. Then, compound (A) undergoes an $\mathrm{S_N2}$ reaction with $\mathrm{NaI}$ to form compound (B) with an iodine substituent.

Question 76

Chemistry · Polymers · Single correct

Match List I with List II \begin{tabular}{|c|p{5.5cm}|c|l|} \hline \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{List I} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{List II} \\ \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Polymers} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{Commercial names} \\ \hline A. & Phenol-formaldehyde resin & I. & Glyptal \\ \hline B. & Copolymer of 1,3-butadiene and styrene & II. & Novolac \\ \hline C. & Polyester of glycol and phthalic acid & III. & Buna-S \\ \hline D. & Polyester of glycol and terephthalic acid & IV. & Dacron \\ \hline \end{tabular} Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A-II, B –III, C-IV, D-I
  2. A-II, B –III, C-I, D-IV
  3. A-II, B –I, C-III, D-IV
  4. A-III, B –II, C-IV, D-I

Answer: (b)

Solution

Question 77

Chemistry · Biomolecules · Single correct

A sugar 'X' dehydrates very slowly under acidic condition to give furfural which on further reaction with resorcinol gives the coloured product after sometime. Sugar 'X' is

  1. Aldopentose
  2. Aldotetrose
  3. Oxalic acid
  4. Ketotetrose

Answer: (a)

Solution

An aldopentose is converted to furfural in the presence of $H^+$. The furfural then reacts with resorcinol to form a cherry red product, which is indicative of Seliwanoff's test.

Question 78

Chemistry · Chemistry in Everyday Life · Single correct

Match List I with List II Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
  2. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
  3. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
  4. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

Answer: (c)

Solution

Option (A) is morphine used for relief of pain, known for narcotic analgesic. Option (B) is chloroxylenol used as an antiseptic. Option (C) is phenelzine (Nardil) used as an antidepressant. Option (D) is saccharin, 550 times sweeter than cane sugar.

Question 79

Chemistry · Analytical Chemistry · Single correct

In Carius method of estimation of halogen. 0.45 g of an organic compound gave 0.36 g of AgBr. Find out the percentage of bromine in the compound. (Molar masses : AgBr = 188 g $mol^{-1}$: Br = 80 g $mol^{-1}$)

  1. 34.04$\%$
  2. 40.04$\%$
  3. 36.03$\%$
  4. 38.04$\%$

Answer: (a)

Solution

Mass of organic compound = 0.45 $\mathrm{\, gm}$ Mass of $\mathrm{AgBr}$ obtained = 0.36 $\mathrm{\, gm}$ $\therefore$ Moles of $\mathrm{AgBr}$ = $\frac{0.36}{188}$ $\therefore$ Mass of Bromine = $\frac{0.36}{188}$ $\times$ 80 = 0.1532 $\mathrm{\, gm}$ $\therefore$ $\%$ Br in compound = $\frac{0.1532}{0.45}$ $\times$ 100 = 34.04$\%$

Question 80

Chemistry · Amines · Single correct

Match List I with List II \begin{tabular}{|c|l|c|l|} \hline \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{List I} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{List II} \\ \hline A. & Benzenesulphonyl chloride & I. & Test for primary amines \\ \hline B. & Hoffmann bromamide reaction & II. & Anti Saytzeff \\ \hline C. & Carbylamine reaction & III. & Hinsberg reagent \\ \hline D. & Hofmann orientation & IV. & Known reaction of Isocyanates \\ \hline \end{tabular} Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
  2. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
  3. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
  4. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

Answer: (c)

Solution

(A) Hinsberg reagent is benzen sulphonyl chloride. (B) Hoffmann bromamide reaction is a known reaction of isocyanates. $$R - \mathrm{CO} - \mathrm{NH}_2 + X_2 + 4 \mathrm{NaOH} \rightarrow R - \mathrm{NH}_2 + 2\mathrm{NaX} + \mathrm{Na_2CO_3} + 2\mathrm{H_2O}$$ Intermediate: $R - \mathrm{N} = \mathrm{C} = \mathrm{O}$ (isocyanate) (C) Carbylamine reaction is a test for primary amine. $$R - \mathrm{NH}_2 or \mathrm{Ar} - \mathrm{NH}_2 + \mathrm{CHCl}_3 + 3\mathrm{KOH} \rightarrow \mathrm{RNC} or \mathrm{Ar} - \mathrm{NC} + 3\mathrm{KCl} + 3\mathrm{H_2O}$$ (D) Hoffmann orientation is anti Saytzeff (formation of less substituted alkene as major product).

Question 81

Chemistry · Redox Reactions · Numerical

$20\,\mathrm{mL}$ of $0.02\,\mathrm{M}$ $\mathrm{K_2Cr_2O_7}$ solution is used for the titration of $10\,\mathrm{mL}$ of $\mathrm{Fe^{2+}}$ solution in the acidic medium. The molarity of $\mathrm{Fe^{2+}}$ solution is \_\_\_\_ $\times 10^{-2}\,\mathrm{M}$. (Nearest Integer)

Answer: 24

Solution

Eq. of $\mathrm{K_2Cr_2O_7} = Eq. of \mathrm{Fe^{2+}}$ $\Rightarrow (Molarity \times volume \times n.f) of \mathrm{K_2Cr_2O_7} = (molarity \times volume \times n.f) of \mathrm{Fe^{2+}}$ $$\Rightarrow 0.02 \times 20 \times 6 = M \times 10 \times 1$$ $$\Rightarrow M = 0.24$$ $$\Rightarrow Molarity = 24 \times 10^{-2}$$

Question 82

Chemistry · Chemical Kinetics and Nuclear Chemistry · Numerical

2NO + 2H₂ → N₂ + 2H₂O The above reaction has been studied at 800°C. The related data are given in the table below The order of the reaction with respect to NO is

Answer: 2

Solution

On decreasing pressure of NO by a factor of $2$, the rate of reaction decreases by a factor of $4$. Therefore, order of reaction with respect to NO is $2$.

Question 83

Chemistry · Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure · Numerical

Amongst the following the number of oxide(s) which are paramagnetic in nature is $Na_2O, KO_2, NO_2, N_2O, ClO_2, NO, SO_2, Cl_2O$

Answer: 4

Solution

$KO_2, NO_2, ClO_2, NO$ are paramagnetic.

Question 84

Chemistry · Thermodynamics · Numerical

The molar heat capacity for an ideal gas at constant pressure is 20.785 $\mathrm{J}$ $\mathrm{K}^{-1}$ $\mathrm{mol}^{-1}$. The change in internal energy is 5000 $\mathrm{J}$ upon heating it from 300 $\mathrm{K}$ to 500 $\mathrm{K}$. The number of moles of the gas at constant volume is ___ [Nearest integer] (Given: R = 8.314 $\mathrm{J}$ $\mathrm{K}^{-1}$ $\mathrm{mol}^{-1}$)

Answer: 2

Solution

Question 85

Chemistry · Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure · Numerical

According to MO theory, number of species/ions from the following having identical bond order is_____: $CN^-$, $\mathrm{NO}^+$, $\mathrm{O}_2$, $\mathrm{O}_2^+$, $\mathrm{O}_2^{2+}$

Answer: 3

Solution

$CN^-, NO^+, O_2^{2+}$ have bond order = 3

Question 86

Chemistry · Equilibrium · Numerical

At 310 $\mathrm{K}$, the solubility of $\mathrm{CaF_2}$ in water is 2.34 $\times 10^{-3}$ $\mathrm{g/100 \, mL}$. The solubility product of $\mathrm{CaF_2}$ is $\times 10^{-8}$ ($\mathrm{mol/L})^3$. (Given molar mass: $\mathrm{CaF_2}$ = 78 $\mathrm{g \, mol^{-1}}$)

Answer: 0

Solution

Solubility of $\mathrm{CaF_2} = S$ mole/L $$S = \frac{2.34 \times 10^{-3}}{0.1 \times 78} = \frac{2.34}{78} \times 10^{-2} = 3 \times 10^{-4} \, \mathrm{mol/L}$$ $$K_{sp} (\mathrm{CaF_2}) = 4S^3 = 4(3 \times 10^{-4})^3$$ $$= 108 \times 10^{-12}$$ $$= 0.0108 \times 10^{-8} \, (\mathrm{mol/L})^3$$

Question 87

Chemistry · Co-ordination Compounds · Numerical

The conductivity of a solution of complex with formula $\mathrm{CoCl}_3(\mathrm{NH}_3)_4$ corresponds to 1 : 1 electrolyte, then the primary valency of central metal ion is

Answer: 3

Solution

Primary valency = oxidation no. = +3

Question 88

Chemistry · The d-and f-Block Elements · Fill in the blank

In the titration of $\mathrm{KMnO_4}$ and oxalic acid in acidic medium, the change in oxidation number of carbon at the end point is _____

Answer: 1

Solution

Oxidation state of carbon changes from $+3$ to $+4$. $$2\mathrm{KMnO_4} + 5\mathrm{H_2C_2O_4} + 3\mathrm{H_2SO_4} (dil.) \rightarrow$$ $$\mathrm{K_2SO_4} + 2\mathrm{MnSO_4} + 10\mathrm{CO_2} + 8\mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 89

Chemistry · Organic Chemistry — Some Basic Principles & Techniques · Numerical

Optical activity of an enantiomeric mixture is $+12.6^\circ$ and the specific rotation of $(+)$ isomer is $+30^\circ$. The optical purity is $\%$

Answer: 42

Solution

% optical purity = $\frac{\text{observed rotation of mixture \times 100}}{\text{rotation of pure enantiomer}}$ = $\frac{+12.6^\circ}{+30^\circ}$ $\times$ 100 = 42

Question 90

Chemistry · Hydrocarbons · Numerical

In the following reaction The % yield for reaction I is 60% and that of reaction II is 50%. The overall yield of the complete reaction is ____% [nearest integer]

Answer: 30

Solution

Let initial moles of reactant taken = n. Total moles obtained for benzene sulphonic acid (with % yield = 60%) = 0.6n. Moles of benzene sulphonic acid before reaction II = 0.6n. Moles obtained for phenol (with % yield = 50%) = 0.6 $\times$ 0.5n = 0.3n. So overall % yield of complete reaction = $\frac{0.3n}{n}$ $\times$ 100 = 30.