JEE Main 25 February 2021 Shift 1 question paper with solutions

JEE Main 25 February 2021 Shift 1: all 90 questions in paper order (Maths, Physics, Chemistry) with the answer key and worked solutions. Free to read; attempt it as a timed 3-hour mock test.

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Maths

Question 1

Maths · Probability · Single correct

When a missile is fired from a ship, the probability that it is intercepted is $\frac{1}{3}$ and the probability that the missile hits the target, given that it is not intercepted, is $\frac{3}{4}$. If three missiles are fired independently from the ship, then the probability that all three hit the target, is:

  1. $\frac{1}{8}$
  2. $\frac{1}{27}$
  3. $\frac{3}{4}$
  4. $\frac{3}{8}$

Answer: (a)

Solution

Probability of not getting intercepted = $\frac{2}{3}$ Probability of missile hitting target = $\frac{3}{4}$ Therefore, probability that all 3 hit the target = $\left$( $\frac{2}{3}$ $\times$ $\frac{3}{4}$ $\right$)^3 = $\frac{1}{8}$

Question 2

Maths · Sequences and Series · Single correct

If $0 < \theta, \phi < \frac{\pi}{2}$, $x = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \cos^{2n} \theta$, $y = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \sin^{2n} \phi$ and $$z = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \cos^{2n} \theta \cdot \sin^{2n} \phi$$ then

  1. $xyz = 4$
  2. $xy - z = (x + y)z$
  3. $xy + yz + zx = z$
  4. $xy + z = (x + y)z$

Answer: (d)

Solution

Given $$x = 1 + \cos^2 \theta + \ldots \infty$$ We have $$x = \frac{1}{1 - \cos^2 \theta} = \frac{1}{\sin^2 \theta}$$ Similarly, $$y = 1 + \sin^2 \phi + \ldots$$ Thus, $$y = \frac{1}{1 - \sin^2 \phi} = \frac{1}{\cos^2 \phi}$$ Now, $$z = \frac{1}{1 - \cos^2 \theta \cdot \sin^2 \phi} = \frac{1}{1 - \left(1 - \frac{1}{x}\right) \left(1 - \frac{1}{y}\right)} = \frac{xy}{xy - (x-1)(y-1)}$$ We find $$xz + yz - z = xy$$ And $$xy + z = (x + y)z$$

Question 3

Maths · Relations and Functions · Single correct

Let f, g : $\mathbb{N} \to \mathbb{N}$ such that $f(n + 1) = f(n) + f(a)$ $\forall n \in \mathbb{N}$ and g be any arbitrary function. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

  1. f is one-one
  2. If fog is one-one, then g is one-one
  3. If g is onto, then fog is one-one
  4. If f is onto, then $f(n) = n \forall n \in \mathbb{N}$

Answer: (c)

Solution

Given $f(n+1) = f(n) + 1$. $f(2) = 2f(1)$ $f(3) = 3f(1)$ $f(4) = 4f(1)$ .. $f(n) = nf(1)$ $f(x)$ is one-one

Question 4

Maths · Three Dimensional Geometry · Single correct

The equation of the line through the point (0,1,2) and perpendicular to the line $\frac{x-1}{2} = \frac{y+1}{3} = \frac{z-1}{-2}$ is:

  1. $\frac{x}{-3} = \frac{y-1}{4} = \frac{z-2}{3}$
  2. $\frac{x}{3} = \frac{y-1}{4} = \frac{z-2}{3}$
  3. $\frac{x}{3} = \frac{y-1}{-4} = \frac{z-2}{3}$
  4. $\frac{x}{3} = \frac{y-1}{4} = \frac{z-2}{-3}$

Answer: (a)

Solution

Given $\($ $\frac{x-1}{2}$ = $\frac{y+1}{3}$ = $\frac{z-1}{-2}$ = $\lambda$ $\)$. Any point on this line is $\($(2$\lambda$ + 1, 3$\lambda$ - 1, -2$\lambda$ + 1)$\)$. Direction ratio of given line is $\($(2, 3, -2)$\)$. Direction ratio of line to be found is $\($(2$\lambda$ + 1, 3$\lambda$ - 2, -2$\lambda$ - 1)$\)$. Therefore, $\($ $\vec{d_1}$ $\cdot$ $\vec{d_2}$ = 0 $\)$. $\($ $\lambda$ = $\frac{2}{17}$ $\)$. Direction ratio of line $\($(21, -28, -21) $\equiv$ (3, -4, -3) $\equiv$ (-3, 4, 3)$\)$.

Question 5

Maths · Vector Algebra · Single correct

Let $\alpha$ be the angle between the lines whose direction cosines satisfy the equations $1 + m - n = 0$ and $l^2 + m^2 - n^2 = 0$. Then the value of $\sin^4 \alpha + \cos^4 \alpha$ is:

  1. $\frac{3}{4}$
  2. $\frac{1}{2}$
  3. $\frac{5}{8}$
  4. $\frac{3}{8}$

Answer: (c)

Solution

Given $l^2 + m^2 + n^2 = 1$ Therefore, $2n^2 = 1$ $\Rightarrow n = \pm \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$ Thus, $l^2 + m^2 = \frac{1}{2}$ and $|l + m| = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$ Squaring, $(l + m)^2 = \frac{1}{2}$ $\Rightarrow l^2 + m^2 + 2lm = \frac{1}{2}$ $\Rightarrow \frac{1}{2} + 2lm = \frac{1}{2}$ $\Rightarrow lm = 0$ Therefore, either $l = 0$ or $m = 0$. Hence, $l = 0,\; m = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$ or $l = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}},\; m = 0$ The vectors are $ $ or $ $ Therefore, $\cos\alpha = 0 + 0 + \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{2}$ Thus, $\sin^4\alpha + \cos^4\alpha = 1 - \frac{1}{2}\sin^2(2\alpha) = 1 - \frac{1}{2}\times\frac{3}{4} = \frac{5}{8}$

Question 6

Maths · Integrals · Single correct

The value of the integral $$\int \frac{\sin \theta \cdot \sin 2\theta (\sin^6 \theta + \sin^4 \theta + \sin^2 \theta) \sqrt{2 \sin^4 \theta + 3 \sin^2 \theta + 6}}{1 - \cos 2\theta} \, d\theta$$ is (where $c$ is a constant of integration)

  1. $\frac{1}{18} \left[ 9 - 2 \sin^6 \theta - 3 \sin^4 \theta - 6 \sin^2 \theta \right]^{\frac{3}{2}} + c$
  2. $\frac{1}{18} \left[ 11 - 18 \sin^2 \theta + 9 \sin^4 \theta - 2 \sin^6 \theta \right]^{\frac{3}{2}} + c$
  3. $\frac{1}{18} \left[ 11 - 18 \cos^2 \theta + 9 \cos^4 \theta - 2 \cos^6 \theta \right]^{\frac{3}{2}} + c$
  4. $\frac{1}{18} \left[ 9 - 2 \cos^6 \theta - 3 \cos^4 \theta - 6 \cos^2 \theta \right]^{\frac{3}{2}} + c$

Answer: (c)

Solution

Let $\sin \theta = t$, $\cos \theta d\theta = dt$. $$= \int \frac{(t^6 + t^4 + t^2) \sqrt{2t^4 + 3t^2 + 6}}{12t^5 + 3t^3 + t} dt = \int (t^5 + t^3 + t) \sqrt{2t^6 + 3t^4 + 6t^2} dt$$ Let $2t^6 + 3t^4 + 6t^2 = z$. $$12 \left(t^5 + t^3 + t\right) dt = dz$$ $$= \frac{1}{12} \int \sqrt{z} dz = \frac{1}{18} z^{3/2} + c$$ $$= \frac{1}{18} \left[ (2 \sin^6 \theta + 3 \sin^4 \theta + 6 \sin^2 \theta)^{3/2} \right] + C$$ $$= \frac{1}{18} \left[ (1 - \cos^2 \theta) \left( 2(1 - \cos^2 \theta)^2 + 3 - 3 \cos^2 \theta + 6 \right) \right]^{3/2} + C$$ $$= \frac{1}{18} \left[ (1 - \cos^2 \theta) \left( 2 \cos^4 \theta - 7 \cos^2 \theta + 11 \right) \right]^{3/2} + C$$ $$= \frac{1}{18} \left[ -2 \cos^6 \theta + 9 \cos^4 \theta - 18 \cos^2 \theta + 11 \right]^{3/2} + C$$

Question 7

Maths · Integrals · Single correct

The value of $\int_{-1}^{1} x^2 e^{[x^3]} \, dx$, where $[t]$ denotes the greatest integer $\leq t$, is:

  1. $\($ $\frac{e+1}{3}$ $\)$
  2. $\($ $\frac{e-1}{3e}$ $\)$
  3. $\($ $\frac{e+1}{3e}$ $\)$
  4. $\($ $\frac{1}{3e}$ $\)$

Answer: (c)

Solution

Given $$I = \int_{-1}^{0} x^2 \cdot e^{-1} \, dx + \int_{0}^{1} x^2 \, dx$$ Therefore, $$I = \left. \frac{x^3}{3e} \right|_{-1}^{0} + \left. \frac{x^3}{3} \right|_{0}^{1}$$ Thus, $$I = \frac{1}{3e} + \frac{1}{3}$$

Question 8

Maths · Heights and Distances · Single correct

A man is observing, from the top of a tower, a boat speeding towards the tower from a certain point A, with uniform speed. At that point, angle of depression of the boat with the man's eye is $30^\circ$ (Ignore man's height). After sailing for 20 seconds towards the base of the tower (which is at the level of water), the boat has reached a point B, where the angle of depression is $45^\circ$. Then the time taken (in seconds) by the boat from B to reach the base of the tower is :

  1. $10(\sqrt{3} - 1)$
  2. $10\sqrt{3}$
  3. $10$
  4. $10(\sqrt{3} + 1)$

Answer: (d)

Solution

Given $\($ $\frac{h}{x+y}$ = $\tan$ 30^$\circ$ $\)$ $\($ x + y = $\sqrt{3}$h $\)$ Also $\($ $\frac{h}{y}$ = $\tan$ 45^$\circ$ $\)$ $\($ h = y $\)$ Put in (1) $\($ x + y = $\sqrt{3}$y $\)$ $\($ x = ($\sqrt{3}$ - 1)y $\)$ $\($ $\frac{x}{20}$ = v' $\)$ speed Therefore, time taken to reach Foot from B $\($ $\Rightarrow$ $\frac{y}{v'}$ $\)$ $\($ $\Rightarrow$ $\frac{\sqrt{\frac{x}{(\sqrt{3} - 1)x}} \times 20}{x}$ $\)$ $\($ $\Rightarrow$ 10($\sqrt{3}$ + 1) $\)$

Question 9

Maths · Conic Sections · Single correct

A tangent is drawn to the parabola $y^2 = 6x$ which is perpendicular to the line $2x + y = 1$. Which of the following points does NOT lie on it?

  1. (0,3)
  2. (-6,0)
  3. (4,5)
  4. (5,4)

Answer: (d)

Solution

Equation of tangent: $y = mx + \frac{3}{2m}$, $m_T = \frac{1}{2}$ (since perpendicular to line $2x + y = 1$). Therefore, tangent is: $y = \frac{x}{2} + 3 \Rightarrow x - 2y + 6 = 0$.

Question 10

Maths · Trigonometric Functions · Single correct

All possible values of $\theta \in [0, 2\pi]$ for which $\sin 2\theta + \tan 2\theta > 0$ lie in:

  1. $\left(0, \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cup \left(\pi, \frac{3\pi}{2}\right)$
  2. $\left(0, \frac{\pi}{4}\right) \cup \left(\frac{\pi}{2}, \frac{3\pi}{4}\right) \cup \left(\pi, \frac{5\pi}{4}\right) \cup \left(\frac{3\pi}{2}, \frac{7\pi}{4}\right)$
  3. $\left(0, \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cup \left(\frac{\pi}{2}, \frac{3\pi}{4}\right) \cup \left(\pi, \frac{7\pi}{6}\right)$
  4. $\left(0, \frac{\pi}{4}\right) \cup \left(\frac{\pi}{2}, \frac{3\pi}{4}\right) \cup \left(\frac{3\pi}{2}, \frac{11\pi}{6}\right)$

Answer: (b)

Solution

Given $\tan 2\theta (1 + \cos 2\theta) > 0$. $2\theta \in \left(0, \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cup \left(\pi, \frac{3\pi}{2}\right) \cup \left(2\pi, \frac{5\pi}{2}\right) \cup \left(3\pi, \frac{7\pi}{2}\right)$ Therefore, $\theta \in \left(0, \frac{\pi}{4}\right) \cup \left(\frac{\pi}{2}, \frac{3\pi}{4}\right) \cup \left(\pi, \frac{5\pi}{4}\right) \cup \left(\frac{3\pi}{2}, \frac{7\pi}{4}\right)$

Question 11

Maths · Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations · Single correct

Let the lines $(2 - i)z = (2 + i)\bar{z}$ and $(i - 2)\bar{z} - 4i = 0$, (here $i^2 = -1$) be normal to a circle $C$. If the line $iz + \bar{z} + 1 + i = 0$ is tangent to this circle $C$, then its radius is:

  1. $\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}$
  2. $3\sqrt{2}$
  3. $\frac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}$
  4. $\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}$

Answer: (c)

Solution

(2 - i)z = (2 + i)$\bar{z}$ $\Rightarrow$ (2 - i)(x + iy) = (2 + i)(x - iy) $\Rightarrow$ 2x - ix + 2iy + y = 2x + ix - 2 - iy + y $\Rightarrow$ 2ix - 4iy = 0 $\newline$ L_1 : x - 2y = 0 $\newline$ $\Rightarrow$ (2 + i)z + (i - 2)$\bar{z}$ - 4i = 0 $\Rightarrow$ (2 + i)(x + iy) + (i - 2)(x - iy) - 4i = 0 $\Rightarrow$ 2x + ix + 2iy - y + ix - 2x + y + 2iy - 4i = 0 $\Rightarrow$ 2ix + 4iy - 4i = 0 $\newline$ L_2 : x + 2y - 2 = 0 $\newline$ Solve L_1 and L_2 4y = 2, y = $\frac{1}{2}$ $\newline$ $\therefore$ x = 1 $\newline$ Centre $\left$( 1, $\frac{1}{2}$ $\right$) $\newline$ L_3 : iz + $\bar{z}$ + 1 + i = 0 $\newline$ $\Rightarrow$ i(x + iy) + x - iy + 1 + i = 0 $\Rightarrow$ ix - y + x - iy + 1 + i = 0 $\Rightarrow$ (x - y + 1) + i(x - y + 1) = 0 $\newline$ Radius = distance from $\left$( 1, $\frac{1}{2}$ $\right$) to x - y + 1 = 0 $\newline$ r = $\frac{1 - \frac{1}{2} + 1}{\sqrt{2}}$ $\newline$ r = $\frac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}$

Question 12

Maths · Straight Lines and Pair of Straight Lines · Single correct

The image of the point (3,5) in the line $x - y + 1 = 0$, lies on:

  1. $(x - 2)^2 + (y - 4)^2 = 4$
  2. $(x - 4)^2 + (y + 2)^2 = 16$
  3. $(x - 4)^2 + (y - 4)^2 = 8$
  4. $(x - 2)^2 + (y - 2)^2 = 12$

Answer: (a)

Solution

Image of P(3, 5) on the line $x - y + 1 = 0$ is $$\frac{x - 3}{1} = \frac{y - 5}{-1} = \frac{-2(3 - 5 + 1)}{2} = 1$$ $x = 4, y = 4$ Therefore, image is (4, 4) which lies on $$(x - 2)^2 + (y - 4)^2 = 4$$

Question 13

Maths · Applications of Derivatives · Single correct

If the curves, $\frac{x^2}{a} + \frac{y^2}{b} = 1$ and $\frac{x^2}{c} + \frac{y^2}{d} = 1$ intersect each other at an angle of $90^\circ$, then which of the following relations is true?

  1. $a + b = c + d$
  2. $a - b = c - d$
  3. $ab = \frac{c+d}{a+b}$
  4. $a - c = b + d$

Answer: (b)

Solution

Given $\frac{x^2}{a} + \frac{y^2}{b} = 1 \ldots (1)$. Differentiate: $\frac{2x}{a} + \frac{2y}{b} \frac{dy}{dx} = 0 \implies \frac{y}{b} \frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{x}{a}$. Thus, $\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{-bx}{ay} \ldots (2)$. Given $\frac{x^2}{c} + \frac{y^2}{d} = 1 \ldots (3)$. Differentiate: $\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{-dx}{cy} \ldots (4)$. $m_1 m_2 = -1 \implies \frac{-bx}{ay} \times \frac{-dx}{cy} = -1$. This implies $bdx^2 = -acy^2 \ldots (5)$. Subtracting (1) from (3) gives: $$\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{c}\right)x^2 + \left(\frac{1}{b} - \frac{1}{d}\right)y^2 = 0$$ This implies: $$\frac{c-a}{ac}x^2 + \frac{d-b}{bd} \times \left(\frac{-bd}{ac}\right)x^2 = 0 (using 5)$$ Thus, $\Rightarrow (c-a) - (d-b) = 0$. Therefore, $c-a = d-b$.

Question 14

Maths · Limits and Derivatives · Single correct

\[ \lim_{n\to\infty} \left( 1+\frac{1+\frac{1}{2}+\cdots+\frac{1}{n}}{n^2} \right)^n \] is equal to :

  1. $\frac{1}{2}$
  2. $\frac{1}{e}$
  3. 1
  4. 0

Answer: (c)

Solution

It is $1^{\infty}$ form $$L = e^{\lim_{n \to \infty} \left( \frac{1 + \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3} + \ldots + \frac{1}{n}}{n} \right)}$$ $$S = 1 + \left( \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3} \right) + \left( \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{5} + \frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{7} \right) + \left( \frac{1}{8} + \ldots + \frac{1}{15} \right)$$ $$S < 1 + \left( \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \right) + \left( \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{4} \right) \ldots + \left( \frac{1}{2^P} + \ldots + \frac{1}{2^P} \right)$$ $$S < 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + \ldots + 1$$ Thus, $$L = e^{\lim_{n \to \infty} \frac{(P+1)}{2^P}}$$ $$\Rightarrow L = e^0 = 1$$

Question 15

Maths · Probability · Single correct

The coefficients $a$, $b$ and $c$ of the quadratic equation, $ax^2 + bx + c = 0$ are obtained by throwing a dice three times. The probability that this equation has equal roots is :

  1. $\frac{1}{54}$
  2. $\frac{1}{72}$
  3. $\frac{1}{36}$
  4. $\frac{5}{216}$

Answer: (d)

Solution

$ax^2 + bx + c = 0$ $a, b, c \in \{1,2,3,4,5,6\}$ $n(s) = 6 \times 6 \times 6 = 216$ $D = 0 \Rightarrow b^2 = 4ac$ $ac = \dfrac{b^2}{4}$ If $b = 2$, $ac = 1 \Rightarrow a = 1,\ c = 1$ If $b = 4$, $ac = 4 \Rightarrow a = 1,\ c = 4$ $\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad a = 4,\ c = 1$ If $b = 6$, $ac = 9 \Rightarrow a = 2,\ c = 2$ $\therefore$ probability $= \dfrac{5}{216}$

Question 16

Maths · Permutations and Combinations · Single correct

The total number of positive integral solutions $(x, y, z)$ such that $xyz = 24$ is

  1. 36
  2. 45
  3. 24
  4. 30

Answer: (d)

Solution

Given $x \cdot y \cdot z = 24$ and $x \cdot y \cdot z = 2^3 \cdot 3^1$. Now using the beggars method. 3 things to be distributed among 3 persons. Each may receive none, one or more. Therefore, $\binom{5}{2}$ ways. Similarly for '1', $\binom{3}{2}$ ways. Total ways $= \binom{5}{2} \cdot \binom{3}{2} = 30$ ways.

Question 17

Maths · Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations · Single correct

The integer 'k', for which the inequality $x^2 - 2(3k - 1)x + 8k^2 - 7 > 0$ is valid for every $x$ in $\mathbb{R}$ is:

  1. 3
  2. 2
  3. 4
  4. 0

Answer: (a)

Solution

$D < 0$ $(2(3k - 1))^2 - 4(8k^2 - 7) < 0$ $4(9k^2 - 6k + 1) - 4(8k^2 - 7) < 0$ $k^2 - 6k + 8 < 0$ $(k - 4)(k - 2) < 0$ $2 < k < 4$ Then $k = 3$

Question 18

Maths · Differential Equations · Single correct

If a curve passes through the origin and the slope of the tangent to it at any point $(x, y)$ is $\frac{x^2 - 4x + y + 8}{x - 2}$, then this curve also passes through the point:

  1. (4,5)
  2. (5,4)
  3. (4,4)
  4. (5,5)

Answer: (d)

Solution

Given $\($ $\frac{dy}{dx}$ = $\frac{(x-2)^2 + y + 4}{(x-2)}$ = (x-2) + $\frac{y+4}{(x-2)}$ $\)$. Let $\($ x - 2 = t $\Rightarrow$ dx = dt $\)$ and $\($ y + 4 = u $\Rightarrow$ dy = du $\)$. Then $\($ $\frac{dy}{dx}$ = $\frac{du}{dt}$ $\)$. $\($ $\frac{du}{dt}$ = t + $\frac{u}{t}$ $\Rightarrow$ $\frac{du}{dt}$ - $\frac{u}{t}$ = t $\)$. The integrating factor is $\($ $\mathrm{I.F}$ = e^{$\int$ $\frac{-1}{t}$ $\,$ dt} = e^{-$\ln$ t} = $\frac{1}{t}$ $\)$. Thus, $\($ $\frac{u}{t}$ = $\int$ t $\cdot$ $\frac{1}{t}$ $\,$ dt $\Rightarrow$ $\frac{u}{t}$ = t + c $\)$. Therefore, $\($ $\frac{y+4}{x-2}$ = (x-2) + c $\)$. Passing through $\($(0,0)$\)$ gives $\($ c = 0 $\)$. Hence, $\($ (y+4) = (x-2)^2 $\)$.

Question 19

Maths · Mathematical Reasoning · Single correct

The statement $A \rightarrow (B \rightarrow A)$ is equivalent to:

  1. $A \rightarrow (A \land B)$
  2. $A \rightarrow (A \lor B)$
  3. $A \rightarrow (A \rightarrow B)$
  4. $A \rightarrow (A \leftrightarrow B)$

Answer: (b)

Solution

Given $A \to (B \to A)$ $$\Rightarrow A \to (\sim B \lor A)$$ $$\Rightarrow \sim A \lor (\sim B \lor A)$$ $$\Rightarrow \sim B \lor (\sim A \lor A)$$ $$\Rightarrow \sim B \lor t$$ $= t$ (tautology) From options: (2) $A \to (A \lor B)$ $$\Rightarrow \sim A \lor (A \lor B)$$ $$\Rightarrow (\sim A \lor A) \lor B$$ $$\Rightarrow t \lor B$$ $$\Rightarrow t$$

Question 20

Maths · Applications of Derivatives · Single correct

If Rolle's theorem holds for the function $f(x) = x^3 - ax^2 + bx - 4, x \in [1, 2]$ with $f'\left(\frac{4}{3}\right) = 0$, then ordered pair $(a, b)$ is equal to :

  1. (-5,8)
  2. (5,8)
  3. (5,-8)
  4. (-5,-8)

Answer: (b)

Solution

Given $f(1) = f(2)$ $$\Rightarrow 1 - a + b - 4 = 8 - 4a + 2b - 4$$ $$3a - b = 7$$ The derivative is $f'(x) = 3x^2 - 2ax + b$ $$\Rightarrow f'\left(\frac{4}{3}\right) = 0 \Rightarrow 3 \times \frac{16}{9} - \frac{8}{3}a + b = 0$$ $$\Rightarrow -8a + 3b = -16$$ Solving the equations, $a = 5, b = 8$

Question 21

Maths · Applications of Derivatives · Numerical

Let f(x) be a polynomial of degree 6 in x, in which the coefficient of x^6 is unity and it has extrema at x = -1 and x = 1. If $\lim$_{x $\to$ 0} $\frac{f(x)}{x^3}$ = 1, then 5 $\cdot$ f(2) is equal to

Answer: 144

Solution

Given $$f(x) = x^6 + ax^5 + bx^4 + x^3$$ Differentiating, $$f'(x) = 6x^5 + 5ax^4 + 4bx^3 + 3x^2$$ Roots are 1 and -1. Thus, $$6 + 5a + 4b + 3 = 0$$ and $$-6 + 5a - 4b + 3 = 0$$ Solving, $$a = -\frac{3}{5}$$ $$b = -\frac{3}{2}$$ Therefore, $$f(x) = x^6 - \frac{3}{5}x^5 - \frac{3}{2}x^4 + x^3$$ Finally, $$5 \cdot f(2) = 5 \left[ 64 - \frac{96}{5} - 24 + 8 \right] = 144$$

Question 22

Maths · Continuity and Differentiability · Numerical

The number of points, at which the function $f(x) = |2x + 1| - 3|x + 2| + |x^2 + x - 2|$, $x \in \mathbb{R}$ is not differentiable, is

Answer: 2

Solution

Given $f(x) = |2x + 1| - 3|x + 2| + |x^2 + x - 2|$. $$f(x) = \begin{cases} x^2 - 7, & x > 1 \\ -x^2 - 2x - 3, & -\frac{1}{2} 1 \\ -2x - 3, & -\frac{1}{2} < x < 1 \\ -2x - 6, & -2 < x < -\frac{1}{2} \\ 2x + 2, & x < -2 \end{cases}$$ Check at $1$, $-2$ and $-\frac{1}{2}$. Non. Differentiable at $x = 1$ and $-\frac{1}{2}$.

Question 23

Maths · Applications of Integrals · Numerical

The graphs of sine and cosine functions, intersect each other at a number of points and between two consecutive points of intersection, the two graphs enclose the same area $A$. Then $A^4$ is equal to

Answer: 64

Solution

The area A is given by the integral $$A = \int_{\pi/4}^{5\pi/4} (\sin x - \cos x) \, dx = \left[ -\cos x - \sin x \right]_{\pi/4}^{5\pi/4}$$ which simplifies to $$= - \left[ (\cos \frac{5\pi}{4} + \sin \frac{5\pi}{4}) - (\cos \frac{\pi}{4} + \sin \frac{\pi}{4}) \right]$$ $$= - \left[ \left( -\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} - \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \right) - \left( \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \right) \right]$$ $$= \frac{4}{\sqrt{2}} = 2\sqrt{2}$$ Therefore, $$A^4 = (2\sqrt{2})^4 = 64$$

Question 24

Maths · Sequences and Series · Numerical

Let $A_1, A_2, A_3, \ldots$ be squares such that for each $n \geq 1$, the length of the side of $A_n$ equals the length of diagonal of $A_{n+1}$. If the length of $A_1$ is $12 \, \mathrm{cm}$, then the smallest value of $n$ for which area of $A_n$ is less than one, is

Answer: 9

Solution

Given $x = \frac{12}{\sqrt{2}}$ and $y = \frac{12}{(\sqrt{2})^2}$. Therefore, side lengths are in G.P. The general term is given by $$T_n = \frac{12}{(\sqrt{2})^{n-1}}.$$ Therefore, $$Area = \frac{144}{2^{n-1}} 144.$$ The smallest $n = 9$.

Question 25

Maths · Matrices · Numerical

Let $A = \begin{pmatrix} x & y & z \\ y & z & x \\ z & x & y \end{pmatrix}$, where $x, y$ and $z$ are real numbers such that $x + y + z > 0$ and $xyz = 2$. If $A^2 = I_3$, then the value of $x^3 + y^3 + z^3$ is

Answer: 7

Solution

Given $$A = \begin{bmatrix} x & y & z \\ y & z & x \\ z & x & y \end{bmatrix}$$ Therefore, $$|A| = (x^3 + y^3 + z^3 - 3xyz)$$ Since $$A^2 = I_3$$ we have $$|A^2| = 1$$ Thus, $$(x^3 + y^3 + z^3 - 3xyz)^2 = 1$$ This implies $$x^3 + y^3 + z^3 - 3xyz = 1$$ Therefore, $$x^3 + y^3 + z^3 = 6 + 1 = 7$$

Question 26

Maths · Matrices · Numerical

If $A = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & -\tan\left(\frac{\theta}{2}\right) \\ \tan\left(\frac{\theta}{2}\right) & 0 \end{bmatrix}$ and $(I_2 + A)(I_2 - A)^{-1} = \begin{bmatrix} a & -b \\ b & a \end{bmatrix}$, then $13 \left(a^2 + b^2\right)$ is equal to

Answer: 13

Solution

Given $$A = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & -\tan \frac{\theta}{2} \\ \tan \frac{\theta}{2} & 0 \end{bmatrix}$$ Then $$I + A = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & -\tan \frac{\theta}{2} \\ \tan \frac{\theta}{2} & 1 \end{bmatrix}$$ And $$I - A = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & \tan \frac{\theta}{2} \\ -\tan \frac{\theta}{2} & 1 \end{bmatrix} \{\therefore |I - A| = \sec^2 \frac{\theta}{2}\}$$ Thus, $$(I - A)^{-1} = \frac{1}{\sec^2 \frac{\theta}{2}} \begin{bmatrix} 1 & -\tan \frac{\theta}{2} \\ \tan \frac{\theta}{2} & 1 \end{bmatrix}$$ Therefore, $$(I + A)(I - A)^{-1} = \frac{1}{\sec^2 \frac{\theta}{2}} \begin{bmatrix} 1 & -\tan \frac{\theta}{2} \\ \tan \frac{\theta}{2} & 1 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} 1 & -\tan \frac{\theta}{2} \\ \tan \frac{\theta}{2} & 1 \end{bmatrix}$$ This simplifies to $$= \frac{1}{\sec^2 \frac{\theta}{2}} \begin{bmatrix} 1 - \tan^2 \frac{\theta}{2} & -2 \tan \frac{\theta}{2} \\ 2 \tan \frac{\theta}{2} & 1 - \tan^2 \frac{\theta}{2} \end{bmatrix}$$ Let $$a = \frac{1 - \tan^2 \frac{\theta}{2}}{\sec^2 \frac{\theta}{2}}$$ And $$b = \frac{2 \tan \frac{\theta}{2}}{\sec^2 \frac{\theta}{2}}$$ Therefore, $$\therefore a^2 + b^2 = 1$$

Question 27

Maths · Permutations and Combinations · Numerical

The total number of numbers, lying between 100 and 1000 that can be formed with the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, if the repetition of digits is not allowed and numbers are divisible by either 3 or 5 is

Answer: 32

Solution

Divisible by $3$ and divisible by $5$. $= 12$ $4 \times 3$ $12 \to 3, 4, 5 \to 3! = 6$ $15 \to 2, 3, 4 \to 3! = 6$ $24 \to 1, 3, 5 \to 3! = 6$ $42 \to 1, 2, 3 \to 3! = 6$ Required No. $= 24 + 12 - 4 = 32$

Question 28

Maths · Vector Algebra · Fill in the blank

Let $\vec{a}=\hat{i}+2\hat{j}-\hat{k}$, $\vec{b}=\hat{i}-\hat{j}$ and $\vec{c}=\hat{i}-\hat{j}-\hat{k}$ be three given vectors. If $\vec{r}$ is a vector such that $\vec{r}\times\vec{a}=\vec{c}\times\vec{a}$ and $\vec{r}\cdot\vec{b}=0$, then $\vec{r}\cdot\vec{a}$ is equal to ________.

Answer: 12

Solution

Given $\vec{r} \times \vec{a} = \vec{c} \times \vec{a}$. $$\vec{r} \times \vec{a} - \vec{c} \times \vec{a} = 0$$ $$(\vec{r} - \vec{c}) \times \vec{a} = 0$$ Therefore, $\vec{r} - \vec{c} = \lambda \vec{a}$. $$\vec{r} = \lambda \vec{a} + \vec{c}$$ $$\vec{r} \cdot \vec{b} = \lambda \vec{a} \cdot \vec{b} + \vec{c} \cdot \vec{b} = 0$$ $$\Rightarrow \lambda (1 - 2) + 2 = 0$$ $$\Rightarrow \lambda = 2$$ Thus, $\vec{r} = 2 \vec{a} + \vec{c}$. $$\vec{r} \cdot \vec{a} = 2 |\vec{a}|^2 + \vec{a} \cdot \vec{c}$$ $$= 2(1 + 4 + 1) + (1 - 2 + 1)$$ $$= 12$$

Question 29

Maths · Determinants · Numerical

If the system of equations $$kx + y + 2z = 1$$ $$3x - y - 2z = 2$$ $$-2x - 2y - 4z = 3$$ has infinitely many solutions, then k is equal to

Answer: 21

Solution

Given $D = 0$ $$\begin{vmatrix} k & 1 & 2 \\ 3 & -1 & -2 \\ -2 & -2 & -4 \end{vmatrix} = 0$$ This implies $k(4 - 4) - 1(-12 - 4) + 2(-6 - 2)$ $$\Rightarrow 16 - 16 = 0$$ Also, $D_1 = D_2 = D_3 = 0$ $$D_2 = \begin{vmatrix} k & 1 & 2 \\ 3 & 2 & -2 \\ -2 & 3 & -4 \end{vmatrix} = 0$$ This implies $k(-8 + 6) - 1(-12 - 4) + 2(9 + 4) = 0$ $$\Rightarrow -2k + 16 + 26 = 0$$ $$\Rightarrow 2k = 42$$ $$\Rightarrow k = 21$$

Question 30

Maths · Conic Sections · Numerical

The locus of the point of intersection of the lines $\left(\sqrt{3}\right)kx + ky - 4\sqrt{3} = 0$ and $\sqrt{3}x - y - 4\left(\sqrt{3}\right)k = 0$ is a conic, whose eccentricity is

Answer: 2

Solution

Given the equations: $$\sqrt{3}kx + ky = 4\sqrt{3}$$ $$\sqrt{3}kx - ky = 4\sqrt{3}k^2$$ Adding equation (1) and (2): $$2\sqrt{3}kx = 4\sqrt{3}\left(k^2 + 1\right)$$ $$x = 2\left(k + \frac{1}{k}\right)$$ Subtracting equation (1) and (2): $$y = 2\sqrt{3}\left(\frac{1}{k} - k\right)$$ Therefore, $$\frac{x^2}{4} - \frac{y^2}{12} = 4$$ $$\frac{x^2}{16} - \frac{y^2}{48} = 1$$ This is a hyperbola. Therefore, $$e^2 = 1 + \frac{48}{16}$$ $$e = 2$$

Physics

Question 31

Physics · Moving Charges and Magnetism · Single correct

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R. Assertion A : When a rod lying freely is heated, no thermal stress is developed in it. Reason R : On heating, the length of the rod increases. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

  1. A is true but R is false
  2. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
  3. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
  4. A is false but R is true

Answer: (c)

Solution

When a rod is free and it is heated then there is no thermal stress produced in it. The rod will expand due to increase in temperature. so both a & R are true.

Question 32

Physics · Waves · Single correct

A student is performing the experiment of resonance column. The diameter of the column tube is 6 cm. The frequency of the tuning fork is 504 Hz. Speed of the sound at the given temperature is 336 m/s. The zero of the metre scale coincides with the top end of the resonance column tube. The reading of the water level in the column when the first resonance occurs is :

  1. 13 $\mathrm{\ cm}$
  2. 14.8 $\mathrm{\ cm}$
  3. 16.6 $\mathrm{\ cm}$
  4. 18.4 $\mathrm{\ cm}$

Answer: (b)

Solution

Given $\lambda = \frac{V}{f} = \frac{336}{504} = 66.66 \, \mathrm{cm}$. $\frac{\lambda}{4} = 1 + e = 1 + 0.3 \, \mathrm{d}$ $= 1 + 1.8$ $16.66 = 1 + 1.8 \, \mathrm{cm}$ $I = 14.86 \, \mathrm{cm}$

Question 33

Physics · Gravitation · Single correct

Two satellites A and B of masses 200 kg and 400 kg are revolving round the earth at height of 600 km and 1600 km respectively. If $T_A$ and $T_B$ are the time periods of A and B respectively then the value of $T_B - T_A$ : [Given : radius of earth = 6400 km, mass of earth = $6 \times 10^{24}$ kg]

  1. $4.24 \times 10^2$ s
  2. $3.33 \times 10^2$ s
  3. $1.33 \times 10^3$ s
  4. $4.24 \times 10^3$ s

Answer: (c)

Solution

Given $$V = \sqrt{\frac{GM_e}{r}}$$ $$T = \frac{2\pi r}{\sqrt{\frac{GM_e}{r}}} = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{r}{GM_e}}$$ $$T = \frac{4\pi^2 r^3}{GM_e} = \sqrt{\frac{4\pi^2 r^3}{GM_e}}$$ $$T_2 - T_1 = \sqrt{\frac{4\pi^2 (8000 \times 10^3)^3}{G \times 6 \times 10^{24}}} - \sqrt{\frac{4\pi^2 (7000 \times 10^3)^3}{G \times 6 \times 10^{24}}}$$ $$\cong 1.33 \times 10^3 \, \mathrm{s}$$

Question 34

Physics · Alternating Current · Single correct

The angular frequency of alternating current in a L-C-R circuit is $100 \, \mathrm{rad/s}$. The components connected are shown in the figure. Find the value of inductance of the coil and capacity of condenser.

  1. $0.8 \, \mathrm{H}$ and $250 \, \mu \mathrm{F}$
  2. $0.8 \, \mathrm{H}$ and $150 \, \mu \mathrm{F}$
  3. $1.33 \, \mathrm{H}$ and $250 \, \mu \mathrm{F}$
  4. $1.33 \, \mathrm{H}$ and $150 \, \mu \mathrm{F}$

Answer: (a)

Solution

Since key is open, circuit is series $$15 = i_{rms}(60)$$ Therefore, $i_{rms} = \frac{1}{4} A$ Now, $$20 = \frac{1}{4} X_L = \frac{1}{4} (\omega L)$$ Therefore, $L = \frac{4}{5} = 0.8 H$ And $$10 = \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{(100C)}$$ $$C = \frac{1}{4000} F = 250 \mu F$$

Question 35

Physics · Thermal Properties of Matter · Single correct

A proton, a deuteron and an $\alpha$ particle are moving with same momentum in a uniform magnetic field. The ratio of magnetic forces action on them is ____ and their speed is ____ in the ratio.

  1. 2: 1: 1 and 4: 2: 1
  2. 1: 2: 4 and 2: 1: 1
  3. 1: 2: 4 and 1: 1: 2
  4. 4: 2: 1 and 2: 1: 1

Answer: (a)

Solution

As $v = \frac{p}{m}$ and $F = qvB$. Therefore, $F = \frac{qp}{m}B$. $$F_1 = \frac{qpB}{m}, \ v_1 = \frac{p}{m}$$ $$F_2 = \frac{qpB}{2m}, \ v_2 = \frac{p}{2m}$$ $$F_3 = \frac{2qpB}{4m}, \ v_3 = \frac{p}{4m}$$ $F_1 : F_2 : F_3$ and $v_1 : v_2 : v_3$ $1 : \frac{1}{2} : \frac{1}{2}$ and $1 : \frac{1}{2} : \frac{1}{4}$ $2 : 1 : 1$ and $4 : 2 : 1$

Question 36

Physics · Communication Systems · Single correct

Given below are two statements: Statement I: A speech signal of $2 \, \mathrm{kHz}$ is used to modulate a carrier signal of $1 \, \mathrm{MHz}$. The bandwidth requirement for the signal is $4 \, \mathrm{kHz}$. Statement II: The side band frequencies are $1002 \, \mathrm{kHz}$ and $998 \, \mathrm{kHz}$. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. Both statement I and statement II are false
  2. Statement I is false but statement II is true
  3. Statement I is true but statement II is false
  4. Both statement I and statement II are true

Answer: (d)

Solution

Side band = (f_c - f_m) to (f_c + f_m) = (1000 - 2) $\mathrm{KHz}$ to (1000 + 2) $\mathrm{KHz}$ = 998 $\mathrm{KHz}$ to 1002 $\mathrm{kHz}$ Band width = 2f_m = 2 $\times$ 2 $\mathrm{KHz}$ = 4 $\mathrm{KHz}$ Both statements are true

Question 37

Physics · Oscillations · Single correct

If the time period of a two meter long simple pendulum is 2 s, the acceleration due to gravity at the place where pendulum is executing S.H.M. is :

  1. $2\pi^2 \, \mathrm{ms}^{-2}$
  2. $16 \, \mathrm{m/s}^2$
  3. $9.8 \, \mathrm{ms}^{-2}$
  4. $\pi^2 \, \mathrm{ms}^{-2}$

Answer: (a)

Solution

Given $T = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{l}{g}}$. Squaring both sides, we have $$T^2 = \frac{4\pi^2 l}{g}.$$ Solving for $g$, we get $$g = \frac{4\pi^2 l}{T^2}.$$ Substituting the given values, $$g = \frac{4\pi^2 \times 2}{(2)^2} = 2\pi^2 \, \mathrm{ms^{-2}}.$$

Question 38

Physics · Mathematics in Physics · Single correct

The pitch of the screw gauge is $1 \, \mathrm{mm}$ and there are $100$ divisions on the circular scale. When nothing is put in between the jaws, the zero of the circular scale lines $8$ divisions below the reference line. When a wire is placed between the jaws, the first linear scale division is clearly visible while $72^{nd}$ division on circular scale coincides with the reference line. The radius of the wire is:

  1. 1.64 mm
  2. 1.80 mm
  3. 0.82 mm
  4. 0.90 mm

Answer: (c)

Solution

Least count $= \frac{\text{pitch}}{\text{no. of div.}} = \frac{1 \, \mathrm{mm}}{100} = 0.01 \, \mathrm{mm}$ +ve error $= 8 \times \text{L.C.} = +0.08 \, \mathrm{mm}$ measured reading $= 1 \, \mathrm{mm} + 72 \times \text{L.C.} = 1 \, \mathrm{mm} + 0.72 \, \mathrm{mm} = 1.72 \, \mathrm{mm}$ True reading $= 1.72 - 0.08 = 1.64 \, \mathrm{mm}$ Radius $= \frac{1.64}{2} = 0.82 \, \mathrm{mm}$

Question 39

Physics · Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits · Single correct

A 5 V battery is connected across the points X and Y. Assume $D_1$ and $D_2$ to be normal silicon diodes. Find the current supplied by the battery if the $+$ve terminal of the battery is connected to point X.

  1. $\sim$ 0.86 $\mathrm{A}$
  2. $\sim$ 0.5 $\mathrm{A}$
  3. $\sim$ 0.43 $\mathrm{A}$
  4. $\sim$ 1.5 $\mathrm{A}$

Answer: (c)

Solution

Since silicon diode is used so 0.7 Volt is drop across it, only $D_1$ will conduct so current through cell $$I = \frac{5 - 0.7}{10} = 0.43 \, \mathrm{A}$$

Question 40

Physics · Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter · Single correct

An $\alpha$ particle and a proton are accelerated from rest by a potential difference of $200 \, \mathrm{V}$. After this, their de Broglie wavelengths are $\lambda_\alpha$ and $\lambda_p$ respectively. The ratio $\frac{\lambda_p}{\lambda_\alpha}$ is :

  1. 8
  2. 2.8
  3. 3.8
  4. 7.8

Answer: (b)

Solution

Given $\lambda = \dfrac{h}{p} = \dfrac{h}{\sqrt{2mqv}}$ $$\frac{\lambda_p}{\lambda_\alpha} = \sqrt{\frac{m_\alpha q_\alpha}{m_p q_p}} = \sqrt{\frac{4 \times 2}{1 \times 1}}$$ $$= 2\sqrt{2} = 2.8$$

Question 41

Physics · Thermodynamics · Single correct

A diatomic gas, having $C_p = \frac{7}{2} R$ and $C_v = \frac{5}{2} R$, is heated at constant pressure. The ratio dU : dQ : dW

  1. 03:07:02
  2. 05:07:02
  3. 05:07:03
  4. 03:05:02

Answer: (b)

Solution

Given $C_p = \frac{7}{2} R$ and $C_v = \frac{5}{2} R$. $dU = nC_v dT$ $dQ = nC_p dT$ $dW = nR dT$ The ratio $dU : dQ : dW$ is equivalent to $C_v : C_p : R$. Substituting the values, we have: $$\frac{5}{2} R : \frac{7}{2} R : R$$ Simplifying gives the ratio $5 : 7 : 2$.

Question 42

Physics · Motion in a Straight Line · Single correct

An engine of a train, moving with uniform acceleration, passes the signal post with velocity $u$ and the last compartment with velocity $v$. The velocity with which middle point of the train passes the signal post is :

  1. $\frac{\sqrt{v^2-u^2}}{2}$
  2. $\frac{v-u}{2}$
  3. $\frac{\sqrt{v^2+u^2}}{2}$
  4. $\frac{u+v}{2}$

Answer: (c)

Solution

Given $a = uniform acceleration$ and $u = velocity of first compartment$, $v = velocity of last compartment$, $l = length of train$. Using the third equation of motion, $v^2 = u^2 + 2al$ $\ldots$ (1). For the middle compartment, $v_{middle}^2 = u^2 + 2a \cdot \frac{1}{2}$. Therefore, $v_{middle}^2 = u^2 + al$ $\ldots$ (2). From equations (1) and (2), $v_{middle}^2 = u^2 + \left( \frac{v^2 - u^2}{2} \right)$. This simplifies to $v_{middle}^2 = \frac{v^2 + u^2}{2}$. Thus, $v_{middle} = \sqrt{\frac{v^2 + u^2}{2}}$.

Question 43

Physics · Physical World, Units and Measurements · Single correct

Match List - I with List- II: $$ \begin{array}{ll} \text{List-I} & \text{List-II} \\ \hline (a) \, h \text{ (Planck's constant)} & (i) \, [M L T^{-1}] \\ (b) \, E \text{ (kinetic energy)} & (ii) \, [M L^2 T^{-1}] \\ (c) \, V \text{ (electric potential)} & (iii) \, [M L^2 T^{-2}] \\ (d) \, P \text{ (linear momentum)} & (iv) \, [M L^2 T^{-3} I^{-1}] \end{array} $$ Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. $(a) \to (ii), (b) \to (iii), (c) \to (iv), (d) \to (i)$
  2. $(a) \to (i), (b) \to (ii), (c) \to (iv), (d) \to (iii)$
  3. $(a) \to (iii), (b) \to (ii), (c) \to (iv), (d) \to (i)$
  4. $(a) \to (iii), (b) \to (iv), (c) \to (ii), (d) \to (i)$

Answer: (a)

Solution

K.E. $= \left[ ML^2 T^{-2} \right]$ P (linear momentum) $= \left[ MLT^{-1} \right]$ h (planck's constant) $= \left[ ML^2 T^{-1} \right]$ $V$ (electric potential) $= \left[ ML^2 T^{-3} I^{-1} \right]$

Question 44

Physics · Moving Charges and Magnetism · Single correct

Magnetic fields at two points on the axis of a circular coil at a distance of 0.05 m and 0.2 m from the centre are in the ratio 8:1. The radius of coil is

  1. 0.15 m
  2. 0.2 m
  3. 0.1 m
  4. 1.0 m

Answer: (c)

Solution

The magnetic field $B$ is given by the formula: $$B = \frac{\mu_0 N i R^2}{2(R^2 + x^2)^{3/2}}$$ At $x_1 = 0.05 \, \mathrm{m}$, $B_1$ is: $$B_1 = \frac{\mu_0 N i R^2}{2(R^2 + (0.05)^2)^{3/2}}$$ At $x_2 = 0.2 \, \mathrm{m}$, $B_2$ is: $$B_2 = \frac{\mu_0 N i R^2}{2(R^2 + (0.2)^2)^{3/2}}$$ The ratio $\frac{B_1}{B_2}$ is: $$\frac{B_1}{B_2} = \frac{(R^2 + 0.04)^{3/2}}{(R^2 + 0.0025)^{3/2}}$$ Simplifying, we have: $$\left(\frac{8}{1}\right)^{2/3} = \frac{R^2 + 0.04}{R^2 + 0.0025}$$ Solving for $R^2$: $$4(R^2 + 0.0025) = R^2 + 0.04$$ $$3R^2 = 0.04 - 0.0100$$ $$R^2 = \frac{0.03}{3} = 0.01$$ Therefore, $R = \sqrt{0.01} = 0.1 \, \mathrm{m}$.

Question 45

Physics · Gravitation · Single correct

A solid sphere of radius $R$ gravitationally attracts a particle placed at $3R$ from its centre with a force $F_1$. Now a spherical cavity of radius $\left( \frac{R}{2} \right)$ is made in the sphere (as shown in figure) and the force becomes $F_2$. The value of $F_1 : F_2$ is:

  1. 41:50
  2. 36:25
  3. 50:41
  4. 25:36

Answer: (a)

Solution

Given $$g_1 = \frac{GM}{(3R)^2} = \frac{GM}{9R^2}$$ $$g_2 = \frac{GM}{9R^2} - \frac{G\left(\frac{M}{8}\right)}{\left(3R - \frac{R}{2}\right)^2}$$ $$= \frac{GM}{9R^2} - \frac{GM}{R^2 \cdot 50} = \frac{41}{9 \times 50} \frac{GM}{R^2}$$ $$\frac{g_1}{g_2} = \frac{41}{50}$$ Force implies $$\frac{F_1}{F_2} = \frac{mg_1}{mg_2} = \frac{41}{50}$$

Question 46

Physics · Nuclei · Single correct

Two radioactive substances $X$ and $Y$ originally have $N_1$ and $N_2$ nuclei respectively. Half life of $X$ is half of the half life of $Y$. After there half lives of $Y$, number of nuclei of both are equal. The ratio $\frac{N_1}{N_2}$ will be equal to:

  1. $\frac{8}{1}$
  2. $\frac{1}{8}$
  3. $\frac{3}{1}$
  4. $\frac{1}{3}$

Answer: (a)

Solution

After n half life, the number of nuclei undecayed is $\frac{N_0}{2^n}$. Given $T_{\frac{1}{2}x} = \frac{T_{\frac{1}{2}y}}{2}$. So 3 half lives of $y = 6$ half lives of $x$. Given, $N_x = N_y$ (after 3 $T_{\frac{1}{2}y}$). $$\frac{N_1}{2^6} = \frac{N_2}{2^3}$$ $$\frac{N_1}{N_2} = \frac{2^6}{2^3} = 2^3 = \frac{8}{1}$$

Question 47

Physics · Mathematics in Physics · Single correct

In an octagon ABCDEFGH of equal side, what is the sum of $\overrightarrow{AB} + \overrightarrow{AC} + \overrightarrow{AD} + \overrightarrow{AE} + \overrightarrow{AF} + \overrightarrow{AG} + \overrightarrow{AH}$ If, $\overrightarrow{AO} = 2\hat{i} + 3\hat{j} - 4\hat{k}$

  1. $16\hat{i} + 24\hat{j} - 32\hat{k}$
  2. $-16\hat{i} - 24\hat{j} - 32\hat{k}$
  3. $-16\hat{i} - 24\hat{j} + 32\hat{k}$
  4. $-16\hat{i} + 24\hat{j} + 32\hat{k}$

Answer: (a)

Solution

Given $\overrightarrow{AO} + \overrightarrow{OB} = \overrightarrow{AB}$, $\overrightarrow{AO} + \overrightarrow{OC} = \overrightarrow{AC}$, $\overrightarrow{AO} + \overrightarrow{OD} = \overrightarrow{AD}$, $\overrightarrow{AO} + \overrightarrow{OE} = \overrightarrow{AE}$, $\overrightarrow{AO} + \overrightarrow{OF} = \overrightarrow{AF}$, $\overrightarrow{AO} + \overrightarrow{OG} = \overrightarrow{AG}$, $\overrightarrow{AO} + \overrightarrow{OH} = \overrightarrow{AH}$. Therefore, $8\overrightarrow{AO} = \overrightarrow{AB} + \overrightarrow{AC} + \overrightarrow{AD} + \overrightarrow{AE} + \overrightarrow{AF} + \overrightarrow{AG} + \overrightarrow{AH}$. This simplifies to $8(2\hat{i} + 3\hat{j} - 4\hat{k}) = 16\hat{i} + 24\hat{j} - 32\hat{k}$.

Question 48

Physics · Gravitation · Single correct

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as reason R. Assertion A: The escape velocities of planet A and B are same. But A and B are of unequal mass. Reason R: The product of their mass and radius must be same. $M_1R_1 = M_2R_2$ In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

  1. Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
  2. A is correct but R is not correct
  3. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
  4. A is not correct but R is correct

Answer: (b)

Solution

Given $V_e = escape velocity$ $$v_e = \sqrt{\frac{2GM}{R}}$$ so for same $v_e$, $\frac{M_1}{R_1} = \frac{M_2}{R_2}$ $A$ is true but $R$ is false

Question 49

Physics · Current Electricity · Single correct

The current (i) at time $t = 0$ and $t = \infty$ respectively for the given circuit is :

  1. $\frac{18E}{55}, \frac{5E}{18}$
  2. $\frac{5E}{18}, \frac{18E}{55}$
  3. $\frac{5E}{18}, \frac{10E}{33}$
  4. $\frac{10E}{33}, \frac{5E}{18}$

Answer: (c)

Solution

At $t = 0$, inductor is removed, so circuit will look like this at $t = 0$: $$R_{eq} = \frac{5 \times 5}{5 + 5} + 1 + 4 = \frac{25}{10} + 5 = 2.5 + 5 = 7.5 \, \Omega$$ $I(t = 0) = \frac{E}{R_{eq}} = \frac{10}{7.5} = \frac{20}{15} = \frac{4}{3} \, \mathrm{A}$ At $t = \infty$, inductor is replaced by plane wire, so circuit will look like this at $t = \infty$: $$I(t = \infty) = \frac{E}{R_{eq}} = \frac{10}{3} \, \mathrm{A}$$ Now $$R_{eq} = \frac{1}{\frac{1}{5} + \frac{1}{5}} + \frac{1}{\frac{1}{1} + \frac{1}{4}} = \frac{5}{2} + \frac{4}{5} = \frac{25}{10} + \frac{8}{10} = \frac{33}{10} = 3.3 \, \Omega$$ $I = \frac{E}{R_{eq}} = \frac{10}{3.3} = 3 \, \mathrm{A}$

Question 50

Physics · Wave Optics · Single correct

Two coherent light sources having intensity in the ratio $2 \times$ produce an interference pattern. The ratio $\frac{I_{\max} - I_{\min}}{I_{\max} + I_{\min}}$ will be:

  1. $\frac{2\sqrt{2x}}{x+1}$
  2. $\frac{\sqrt{2x}}{2x+1}$
  3. $\frac{2\sqrt{2x}}{2x+1}$
  4. $\frac{\sqrt{2x}}{x+1}$

Answer: (c)

Solution

Let $I_1 = 2x$, $I_2 = 1$. $I_{\max} = \left( \sqrt{I_1} + \sqrt{I_2} \right)^2$ $I_{\min} = \left( \sqrt{I_1} - \sqrt{I_2} \right)^2$ \[ \frac{I_{\max} - I_{\min}}{I_{\max} + I_{\min}} = \frac{(\sqrt{2x}+1)^2 - (\sqrt{2x}-1)^2}{(\sqrt{2x}+1)^2 + (\sqrt{2x}-1)^2} \] \[ = \frac{4\sqrt{2x}}{2+4x} = \frac{2\sqrt{2x}}{1+2x} \]

Question 51

Physics · Alternating Current · Fill in the blank

A transmitting station releases waves of wavelength 960 m. A capacitor of 256 $\mu \mathrm{F}$ is used in the resonant circuit. The self inductance of coil necessary for resonance is ____ $\times 10^{-8} \mathrm{H}$.

Answer: 10

Solution

Since resonance $\omega_r = \frac{1}{\sqrt{LC}}$ Therefore, $2\pi f = \frac{1}{\sqrt{LC}}$ Thus, $4\pi^2 \frac{C^2}{\lambda^2} = \frac{1}{LC}$ Therefore, $$\frac{4\pi^2 \times 9 \times 10^8 \times 9 \times 10^8}{960 \times 960} = \frac{1}{L \times 2.56 \times 10^{-6}}$$ $$= \frac{375 \times 960}{10^{-6} \times 4 \times \pi^2 \times 9 \times 10^{16}} = \frac{10^3}{10^{10}}$$ $$= 10^{-7} \mathrm{H}$$ $$= 10 \times 10^{-8}$$

Question 52

Physics · Electric Charges and Fields · Numerical

The electric field in a region is given by $\vec{E} = \left(\dfrac{3}{5}E_0\,\hat{i} + \dfrac{4}{5}E_0\,\hat{j}\right)\dfrac{\mathrm{N}}{\mathrm{C}}$. The ratio of flux of reported field through the rectangular surface of area $0.2\,\mathrm{m}^2$ (parallel to $y$-$z$ plane) to that of the surface of area $0.3\,\mathrm{m}^2$ (parallel to $x$-$z$ plane) is $a:b$, where $a =$ (round off to nearest integer) [Here $\hat{i}$, $\hat{j}$ and $\hat{k}$ are unit vectors along $x$, $y$ and $z$-axes respectively]

Answer: 1

Solution

Given $\phi = \vec{E}_1 \vec{A}$. $\vec{A}_a = 0.2 \hat{i}$ $\vec{A}_b = 0.3 \hat{j}$ For $\phi_a$: $$\phi_a = \left( \frac{3}{5} E_0 \hat{i} + \frac{4}{5} E_0 \hat{j} \right) \cdot 0.2 \hat{i}$$ $$\phi_a = \frac{3}{5} E_0 \times 0.2$$ For $\phi_b$: $$\phi_a = \left( \frac{3}{5} E_0 \hat{i} + \frac{4}{5} E_0 \hat{j} \right) \cdot 0.3 \hat{j}$$ $$\phi_b = \frac{4}{5} E_0 \times 0.3$$ The ratio $\frac{a}{b}$ is given by: $$\frac{a}{b} = \frac{\phi_a}{\phi_b} = \frac{\frac{3}{5} E_0 \times 0.2}{\frac{4}{5} E_0 \times 0.3} = \frac{6}{12} = 0.5$$

Question 53

Physics · Kinetic Theory · Numerical

In a certain thermodynamical process, the pressure of a gas depends on its volume as $kV^3$. The work done when the temperature changes from $100^\circ \mathrm{C}$ to $300^\circ \mathrm{C}$ will be ____ $nR$, where $n$ denotes number of moles of a gas.

Answer: 50

Solution

Given $P = kv^3$ and $pv^{-3} = k$. We have $x = -3$. The work done $w$ is given by: $$w = \frac{nR(T_1 - T_2)}{x - 1}$$ Substituting the values, we get: $$w = \frac{nR(100 - 300)}{-3 - 1}$$ $$= \frac{nR(-200)}{-4}$$ $$= 50nR$$

Question 54

Physics · Laws of Motion · Numerical

A small bob tied at one end of a thin string of length $1 \, \mathrm{m}$ is describing a vertical circle so that the maximum and minimum tension in the string are in the ratio $5:1$. The velocity of the bob at the highest position is $\mathrm{m/s}$. (take $g = 10 \, \mathrm{m/s^2}$)

Answer: 5

Solution

By conservation of energy, $v_{\min}^2 = V^2 - 4g$ (1) $T_{\max} = mg + \frac{mv^2}{l}$ (2) $T_{\min} = \frac{mv_{\min}^2}{l} - mg$ (3) From equation (1) and (3): $$T_{\min} = \frac{m}{l} (v^2 - 4gl) - mg$$ $$\frac{T_{\max}}{T_{\min}} = \frac{\frac{v^2}{l} + g}{\frac{v^2}{l} - 5g}$$ $$\frac{5}{1} = \frac{\frac{v^2}{l} + 10}{\frac{v^2}{l} - 50}$$ $$5v^2 - 250 = v^2 + 10$$ $$v^2 = 65$$ (4) From equation (4) and (1) $v_{\min}^2 = 65 - 40 = 25$ $v_{\min} = 5$

Question 55

Physics · Experimental Physics · Fill in the blank

In the given circuit of potentiometer, the potential difference $E$ across $AB$ (10 m length) is larger than $E_1$ and $E_2$ as well. For key $K_1$ (closed), the jockey is adjusted to touch the wire at point $J_1$ so that there is no deflection in the galvanometer. Now the first battery ($E_1$) is replaced by second battery ($E_2$) for working by making $K_1$ open and $E_2$ closed. The galvanometer gives then null deflection at $J_2$. The value of $\frac{E_1}{E_2}$ is $\frac{a}{b}$, where $a =$

Answer: 1

Solution

\[ \text{Given,}\quad \frac{E_1}{E_2} = \frac{l_1}{l_2} \] \[ = \frac{3 \times 100\,\mathrm{cm} + (100 - 20)\,\mathrm{cm}} {7 \times 100\,\mathrm{cm} + 60\,\mathrm{cm}} \] \[ = \frac{380}{760} = \frac{1}{2} = \frac{a}{b} \] \[ \therefore\ a = 1 \]

Question 56

Physics · Ray Optics and Optical Instruments · Fill in the blank

The same size images are formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at 20 cm or at 10 cm from the lens. The focal length of convex lens is ____ cm.

Answer: 15

Solution

Given \[ \frac{1}{v} - \frac{1}{u} = \frac{1}{f} \tag{1} \] and \[ m = \frac{v}{u}. \tag{2} \] From equations (1) and (2), we get \[ m = \frac{f}{f+u}. \] Given that \[ m_1 = -m_2, \] we have \[ \frac{f}{f-10} = -\frac{f}{f-20}. \] Therefore, \[ f - 20 = -f + 10, \] which gives \[ 2f = 30. \] Hence, \[ f = 15\,\mathrm{cm}. \]

Question 57

Physics · Electric Charges and Fields · Numerical

512 identical drops of mercury are charged to a potential of 2 V each. The drops are joined to form a single drop. The potential of this drop is ____ V.

Answer: 128

Solution

Let charge on each drop = q. radius = r $$v = \frac{kq}{r}$$ $$2 = \frac{kq}{r}$$ radius of bigger $$\frac{4}{3} \pi R^3 = 512 \times \frac{4}{3} \pi r^3$$ $$R = 8r$$ $$v = \frac{k(512)q}{R} = \frac{512}{8} \frac{kq}{r} = \frac{512}{8} \times 2$$ = 128 V

Question 58

Physics · Electromagnetic Induction · Numerical

A coil of inductance 2 H having negligible resistance is connected to a source of supply whose voltage is given by $V = 3t$ volt. (where $t$ is in second). If the voltage is applied when $t = 0$, then the energy stored in the coil after 4 s is ____ J.

Answer: 144

Solution

Given $L \frac{di}{dt} = \varepsilon$. This equals $3t$. Integrating, $L \int di = 3 \int t \, dt$. Thus, $Li = \frac{3t^2}{2}$. Therefore, $i = \frac{3t^2}{2L}$. The energy $E = \frac{1}{2} Li^2$. Substituting, $$E = \frac{1}{2} L \left( \frac{3t^2}{2L} \right)^2$$ This simplifies to $$= \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{9t^4}{4L}$$ Further simplifying, $$= \frac{9}{8} \times \frac{(4)^4}{4 \times 2} = 144 \, \mathrm{J}$$

Question 59

Physics · Kinetic Theory · Numerical

A monoatomic gas of mass 4.0 u is kept in an insulated container. Container is moving with velocity 30 m/s. If container is suddenly stopped then change in temperature of the gas ( R = gas constant) is $\frac{x}{3R}$. Value of x is

Answer: 3600

Solution

Given $\Delta K_E = \Delta U$. $\Delta U = nC_V \Delta T$. $$\frac{1}{2} mv^2 = \frac{3}{2} nR \Delta T$$ $$\frac{mv^2}{3nR} = \Delta T$$ $$\frac{4 \times (30)^2}{3 \times 1 \times R} = \Delta T$$ $$\Delta T = \frac{1200}{R}$$ $$\frac{x}{3R} = \frac{1200}{R}$$ $x = 3600$

Question 60

Physics · Work, Energy and Power · Numerical

The potential energy (U) of a diatomic molecule is a function dependent on r (interatomic distance) as $$U = \frac{\alpha}{r^{10}} - \frac{\beta}{r^5} - 3$$ Where, a and b are positive constants. The equilibrium distance between two atoms will $$\left(\frac{2\alpha}{\beta}\right)^{\frac{a}{b}}$$. Where a =

Answer: 1

Solution

Given $F = -\frac{dU}{dr}$. $$F = -\left[ -\frac{10\alpha}{r^{11}} + \frac{5\beta}{r^6} \right]$$ For equilibrium, $F = 0$. $$\frac{10\alpha}{r^{11}} = \frac{5\beta}{r^6}$$ $$\frac{2\alpha}{\beta} = r^5$$ $$r = \left( \frac{2\alpha}{\beta} \right)^{1/5}$$ $a = 1$

Chemistry

Question 61

Chemistry · Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids · Single correct

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : $CeO_2$ can be used for oxidation of aldehydes and ketones. Statement-II : Aqueous solution of $EuSO_4$ is a strong reducing agent.

  1. Statement I is true, statement II is false
  2. Statement I is false, statement II is true
  3. Both Statement I and Statement II are false
  4. Both Statement I and Statement II are true

Answer: (d)

Solution

$CeO_2$ can be used as oxidising agent like $SeO_2$. Similarly $EuSO_4$ used as a reducing agent.

Question 62

Chemistry · Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure · Single correct

According to molecular orbital theory, the species among the following that does not exist is:

  1. $\mathrm{He}_2^-$
  2. $\mathrm{He}_2^+$
  3. $\mathrm{O}_2^{2-}$
  4. $\mathrm{Be}_2$

Answer: (d)

Solution

B. O. of $\mathrm{Be_2}$ is zero, so it does not exist.

Question 63

Chemistry · Amines · Single correct

\text{Which of the following reaction/s will not give } p\text{-aminoazobenzene?}

  1. B only
  2. A and B
  3. C only
  4. A only

Answer: (a)

Solution

Question 64

Chemistry · Hydrogen · Single correct

Which of the following equation depicts the oxidizing nature of $\mathrm{H_2O_2}$?

  1. $\mathrm{Cl_2 + H_2O_2 \rightarrow 2HCl + O_2}$
  2. $\mathrm{KIO_4 + H_2O_2 \rightarrow KIO_3 + H_2O + O_2}$
  3. $\mathrm{2I^- + H_2O_2 + 2H^+ \rightarrow I_2 + 2H_2O}$
  4. $\mathrm{I_2 + H_2O_2 + 2OH^- \rightarrow 2I^- + 2H_2O + O_2}$

Answer: (c)

Solution

Given the reaction: $$2\mathrm{I}^- + \mathrm{H_2O_2} + 2\mathrm{H}^+ \rightarrow \mathrm{I_2} + 2\mathrm{H_2O}$$ Oxygen reduces from -1 to -2, so its reduction will take place. Hence it will behave as an oxidising agent or it shows oxidising nature. While in other option it changes from (-1) to 0.

Question 65

Chemistry · Hydrocarbons · Single correct

Identify A in the given chemical reaction.

Answer: (d)

Solution

Aromatization reaction or hydroforming reaction.

Question 66

Chemistry · Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry · Single correct

Complete combustion of $1.80\,\mathrm{g}$ of an oxygen containing compound ($\mathrm{C}_x\mathrm{H}_y\mathrm{O}_z$) gave $2.64\,\mathrm{g}$ of $\mathrm{CO}_2$ and $1.08\,\mathrm{g}$ of $\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}$. The percentage of oxygen in the organic compound is:

  1. 63.53
  2. 53.33
  3. 51.63
  4. 50.33

Answer: (b)

Solution

Given, \[ n_{\mathrm{CO}_2}=\frac{2.64}{44}=0.06 \] \[ n_{\mathrm{C}}=0.06 \] \[ \text{Weight of carbon}=0.06\times12=0.72\,\mathrm{g} \] \[ n_{\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}}=\frac{1.08}{18}=0.06 \] \[ n_{\mathrm{H}}=0.06\times2=0.12 \] \[ \text{Weight of hydrogen}=0.12\,\mathrm{g} \] Therefore, weight of oxygen in $\mathrm{C}_x\mathrm{H}_y\mathrm{O}_z$ \[ =1.80-(0.72+0.12) \] \[ =0.96\,\mathrm{g} \] Percentage by weight of oxygen \[ =\frac{0.96}{1.80}\times100 \] \[ =53.3\% \]

Question 67

Chemistry · Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids · Single correct

Which one of the following reactions will not form acetaldehyde?

  1. $\mathrm{CH_3CH_2OH} \xrightarrow{\mathrm{CrO_3-H_2SO_4}}$
  2. $\mathrm{CH_3CN} \xrightarrow{i) \mathrm{DIBAL-H}} \xrightarrow{ii) \mathrm{H_2O}}$
  3. $\mathrm{CH_2 = CH_2 + O_2} \xrightarrow{\mathrm{Pd(II)/Cu(II)}} \xrightarrow{\mathrm{H_2O}}$
  4. $\mathrm{CH_3CH_2OH} \xrightarrow{\mathrm{Cu}} \xrightarrow{573 \, \mathrm{K}}$

Answer: (a)

Solution

The reaction involves the oxidation of ethanol to acetic acid using $\mathrm{CrO_3}$ and $\mathrm{H_2SO_4}$ as oxidizing agents. The chemical equation is: $$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2OH} \xrightarrow{\mathrm{CrO_3-H_2SO_4}} \mathrm{CH_3COOH}$$

Question 68

Chemistry · The p-Block Elements (Group-13 and 14) · Single correct

The correct statement about $\mathrm{B_2H_6}$ is:

  1. All B-H-B angles are of $120^\circ$.
  2. Its fragment, $\mathrm{BH_3}$, behaves as a Lewis base.
  3. Terminal B-H bonds have less p-character when compared to bridging bonds.
  4. The two B – H – B bonds are not of same length.

Answer: (c)

Solution

Terminal bond angle is greater than that of bridge bond angle. Bond angle is proportional to S-character. $$\propto \frac{1}{p-character}$$

Question 69

Chemistry · Structure of Atom · Single correct

The plots of radial distribution functions for various orbitals of hydrogen atom against 'r' are given below: The correct plot for 3 s orbital is:

  1. D
  2. B
  3. A
  4. C

Answer: (a)

Solution

3s orbital Number of radial nodes = $n - \ell - 1$ For 3 s orbital $n = 3$, $\ell = 0$ Number of radial nodes = $3 - 0 - 1 = 2$. It is correctly represented in graph of option D.

Question 70

Chemistry · Environmental Chemistry · Single correct

Given below are two statements: Statement-I : An allotrope of oxygen is an important intermediate in the formation of reducing smog. Statement-II : Gases such as oxides of nitrogen and sulphur present in troposphere contribute to the formation of photochemical smog. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. Statement I and Statement II are true
  2. Statement I is true about Statement II is false
  3. Both Statement I and Statement II are false
  4. Statement I is false but Statement II is true

Answer: (c)

Solution

Reducing smog acts as a reducing agent. The reducing character is due to the presence of sulphur dioxide and carbon particles.

Question 71

Chemistry · The d-and f-Block Elements · Single correct

In which of the following pairs, the outer most electronic configuration will be the same?

  1. $\mathrm{Fe}^{2+}$ and $\mathrm{Co}^{+}$
  2. $\mathrm{Cr}^{+}$ and $\mathrm{Mn}^{2+}$
  3. $\mathrm{Ni}^{2+}$ and $\mathrm{Cu}^{+}$
  4. $\mathrm{V}^{2+}$ and $\mathrm{Cr}^{+}$

Answer: (b)

Solution

$\mathrm{Cr}^{+}\rightarrow[\mathrm{Ar}]\,3d^5$ $\mathrm{Mn}^{2+}\rightarrow[\mathrm{Ar}]\,3d^5$

Question 72

Chemistry · Biomolecules · Single correct

Which of the glycosidic linkage galactose and glucose is present in lactose?

  1. C - 1 of glucose and C - 6 of galactose
  2. C - 1 of galactose and C - 4 of glucose
  3. C - 1 of glucose and C - 4 of galactose
  4. C - 1 of galactose and C - 6 of glucose

Answer: (b)

Solution

The structure shown is a disaccharide composed of $\beta$-D-Galactose and $\beta$-D-Glucose linked together.

Question 73

Chemistry · Hydrocarbons · Single correct

Compound(s) which will liberate carbon dioxide with sodium bicarbonate solution is/are: A = B = C =

  1. B and C only
  2. B only
  3. A and B only
  4. C only

Answer: (a)

Solution

Compounds which are more acidic than $\mathrm{H_2CO_3}$ give $\mathrm{CO_2}$ gas on reaction with $\mathrm{NaHCO_3}$. Compound B i.e. Benzoic acid and compound C i.e. picric acid both are more acidic than $\mathrm{H_2CO_3}$.

Question 74

Chemistry · Co-ordination Compounds · Single correct

The hybridization and magnetic nature of $[\mathrm{Mn(CN)}_6]^{4-}$ and $[\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6]^{3-}$, respectively are:

  1. $d^2sp^3$ and paramagnetic
  2. $sp^3d^2$ and paramagnetic
  3. $d^2sp^3$ and diamagnetic
  4. $sp^3d^2$ and diamagnetic

Answer: (a)

Solution

Question 75

Chemistry · General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements · Single correct

Ellingham diagram is a graphical representation of:

  1. $\Delta G$ vs $T$
  2. $(\Delta G - T \Delta S) vs T$
  3. $\Delta H$ vs $T$
  4. $\Delta G$ vs $P$

Answer: (a)

Solution

Ellingham diagram tells us about the spontaneity of a reaction with temperature.

Question 76

Chemistry · Equilibrium · Single correct

The solubility of AgCN in a buffer solution of pH = 3 is x. The value of X is: [Assume: No cyano complex is formed; $K_{sp}(\mathrm{AgCN}) = 2.2 \times 10^{-16}$ and $K_{a}(\mathrm{HCN}) = 6.2 \times 10^{-10}$]

  1. 0.625 $\times$ 10^{-6}
  2. 1.6 $\times$ 10^{-6}
  3. 2.2 $\times$ 10^{-16}
  4. 1.9 $\times$ 10^{-5}

Answer: (d)

Solution

Let solubility is $x$ AgCN $\rightleftharpoons$ Ag$^+$ + CN$^-$ $\($ K_{sp} = 2.2 $\times$ 10^{-16} $\)$ H$^+$ + CN$^-$ $\rightleftharpoons$ HCN $\($ K = $\frac{1}{K_a}$ = $\frac{1}{6.2 \times 10^{-10}}$ $\)$ $$ K_{sp} \times \frac{1}{K_a} = [Ag^+][CN^-] \times \frac{[HCN]}{[H^+][CN^-]} $$ $$ 2.2 \times 10^{-16} \times \frac{1}{6.2 \times 10^{-10}} = \frac{[S][S]}{10^{-3}} $$ $$ S^2 = \frac{2.2}{6.2} \times 10^{-9} $$ $$ S^2 = 3.55 \times 10^{-10} $$ $$ S = \sqrt{3.55 \times 10^{-10}} $$ $$ S = 1.88 \times 10^{-5} \Rightarrow 1.9 \times 10^{-5} $$

Question 77

Chemistry · Surface Chemistry · Single correct

In Freundlich adsorption isotherm at moderate pressure, the extent of adsorption $\left( \frac{x}{m} \right)$ is directly proportional to $P^X$. The value of X is:

  1. $\infty$
  2. 1
  3. zero
  4. $\frac{1}{n}$

Answer: (d)

Solution

Given $\frac{x}{m} = p^x$, the formula is $\frac{x}{m} = p^{1/n}$. Hence $x = \frac{1}{n}$. The value of $n$ is any natural number.

Question 78

Chemistry · Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers · Single correct

Identify A and B in the chemical reaction.

Answer: (d)

Solution

The reaction sequence involves the conversion of the iodine substituent to a chlorine substituent using $\mathrm{H^+Cl^-}$, resulting in compound (A). Then, compound (A) undergoes a substitution reaction with $\mathrm{NaI}$ in dry acetone to replace the chlorine with iodine, forming compound (B).

Question 79

Chemistry · Polymers · Single correct

Which statement is correct?

  1. Buna-S is a synthetic and linear thermosetting polymer
  2. Neoprene is addition copolymer used in plastic bucket manufacturing
  3. Synthesis of Buna-S needs nascent oxygen
  4. Buna-N is a natural polymer

Answer: (c)

Solution

Synthesis of Buna-S needs nascent oxygen.

Question 80

Chemistry · Amines · Single correct

The major product of the following chemical reaction is:

  1. (CH_3CH_2CO)_2O
  2. CH_3CH_2CHO
  3. CH_3CH_2CH_3
  4. CH_3CH_2CH_2OH

Answer: (b)

Solution

The reaction sequence starts with $\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CN}$, which is hydrolyzed with $\mathrm{H_3O^+}$ to form $\mathrm{CH_3CH_2COOH}$. This carboxylic acid is then treated with $\mathrm{SOCl_2}$ to form the corresponding acid chloride $\mathrm{CH_3CH_2COCl}$. Finally, the acid chloride is reduced using $\mathrm{Pd/BaSO_4}$ to yield the aldehyde $\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CHO}$.

Question 81

Chemistry · The p-Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18) · Numerical

Among the following, the number of halide(s) which is/are inert to hydrolysis is \begin{enumerate} \item[(A)] $\mathrm{BF_3}$ \item[(B)] $\mathrm{SiCl_4}$ \item[(C)] $\mathrm{PCl_5}$ \item[(D)] $\mathrm{SF_6}$ \end{enumerate}

  1. BF_3
  2. SiCl_4
  3. PCl_5
  4. SF_6

Answer: (a)

Solution

Due to crowding $\mathrm{SF_6}$ is not hydrolysed.

Question 82

Chemistry · Solutions · Numerical

1 molal aqueous solution of an electrolyte $\mathrm{A}_2 \mathrm{B}_3$ is 60$\%$ ionised. The boiling point of the solution at 1 atm is _____ K. (Rounded-off to the nearest integer) [ Given $K_b$ for $(\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O})$ = 0.52 \, $\mathrm{K}$ \, $\mathrm{kg}$ \, $\mathrm{mol^{-1}}$ ]

Answer: 375

Solution

The reaction is given by $\mathrm{A_2 \, B_3 \rightarrow 2 \, A^{+3} + 3 \, B^{-2}}$. The number of ions is $2 + 3 = 5$. The van't Hoff factor $i$ is calculated as follows: $$i = 1 + (n - 1) \times \alpha$$ $$= 1 + (5 - 1) \times 0.6$$ $$= 1 + 4 \times 0.6 = 1 + 2.4 = 3.4$$ The boiling point elevation $\Delta T_b$ is given by $$\Delta T_b = K_b \times m \times i$$ $$= 0.52 \times 1 \times 3.4 = 1.768^\circ \mathrm{C}$$ The change in boiling point is $$\Delta T_b = (T_b)_{solution} - \left[(T_b)_{\mathrm{H_2O}}\right]_{Solution}$$ $$1.768 = (T_b)_{solution} - 100$$ Thus, $$(T_b)_{solution} = 101.768^\circ \mathrm{C}$$ Converting to Kelvin, $$= 375 \, \mathrm{K}$$

Question 83

Chemistry · Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry · Numerical

In basic medium $\mathrm{CrO_4^{2-}}$ oxidizes $\mathrm{S_2O_3^{2-}}$ to form $\mathrm{SO_4^{2-}}$ and itself changes into $\mathrm{Cr(OH)_4^-}$. The volume of $0.154\,\mathrm{MCrO_4^{2-}}$ required to react with $40\,\mathrm{mL}$ of $0.25\,\mathrm{MS_2O_3^{2-}}$ is ____ (Rounded-off to the nearest integer)

Answer: 173

Solution

Given the reaction: $$17 \mathrm{H_2O} + 8 \mathrm{CrO_4} + 3 \mathrm{S_2O_3} \rightarrow 6 \mathrm{SO_4} + 8 \mathrm{Cr(OH)_4^-} + 2 \mathrm{OH^-}$$ Applying mole-mole analysis $$\frac{0.154 \times V}{8} = \frac{40 \times 0.25}{3}$$ $$V = 173 \, \mathrm{mL}$$

Question 84

Chemistry · States of Matter · Numerical

A car tyre is filled with nitrogen gas at $35 \, \mathrm{psi}$ at $27^\circ \mathrm{C}$. It will burst if pressure exceeds $40 \, \mathrm{psi}$. The temperature in $^\circ \mathrm{C}$ at which the car tyre will burst is ____ (Rounded-off to the nearest integer)

Answer: 70

Solution

atex$\dfrac{P_1}{T_1} = \dfrac{P_2}{T_2}$ $\dfrac{35}{300} = \dfrac{40}{T_2}$ $T_2 = \dfrac{40 \times 300}{35}$ $= 342.86\,\text{K}$ $= 69.85^\circ\text{C} = 70^\circ\text{C}$

Question 85

Chemistry · Thermodynamics · Numerical

The combustion of cyanamide, $\mathrm{NH_2CN(s)}$, with oxygen was run in a bomb calorimeter and $\Delta U$ was found to be $-742.24\ \mathrm{kJ\,mol^{-1}}$. The magnitude of $\Delta H_{298}$ for the reaction $\mathrm{NH_2CN(s)+\frac{3}{2}O_2(g)\rightarrow N_2(g)+CO_2(g)+H_2O(l)}$ is \underline{\hspace{1cm}} kJ. (Rounded off to the nearest integer) [Assume ideal gases and $R=8.314\ J\,mol^{-1}\,K^{-1}$]

Answer: 741

Solution

$\mathrm{NH_2CN(s)+\frac{3}{2}O_2(g)\rightarrow N_2(g)+CO_2(g)+H_2O(\ell)}$ $\Delta n_g=(1+1)-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{1}{2}$ $\Delta H=\Delta U+\Delta n_gRT$ $=-742.24+\frac{1}{2}\times\frac{8.314\times298}{1000}$ $=-742.24+1.24$ $=-741\ \mathrm{kJ\,mol^{-1}}$

Question 86

Chemistry · Organic Chemistry — Some Basic Principles & Techniques · Numerical

Using the provided information in the following paper chromatogram: The calculated $R_f$ value of A ____ $\times 10^{-1}$

Answer: 4

Solution

The retention factor $R_f$ is given by the formula: $$R_f = \frac{\text{Distance travelled by compound}}{\text{Distance travelled by solvent}}$$ On the chromatogram, the distance travelled by the compound is $2\,\mathrm{cm}$. The distance travelled by the solvent is $5\,\mathrm{cm}$. So, $R_f = \dfrac{2}{5} = 4 \times 10^{-1} = 0.4$.

Question 87

Chemistry · Chemical Kinetics and Nuclear Chemistry · Numerical

For the reaction, $aA+bB\rightarrow cC+dD$, the plot of $\log k$ vs $\frac{1}{T}$ is given below: The temperature at which the rate constant of the reaction is $10^{-4}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ is _____ K. [Rounded off to the nearest integer] [Given: The rate constant of the reaction is $10^{-5}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ at $500$ K]

Answer: 526

Solution

Given $$\log_{10} K = \log_{10} A - \frac{E_a}{2.303RT}$$ The slope is $$\frac{E_a}{2.303R} = -10000$$ Thus, $$\log_{10} \frac{K_2}{K_1} = \frac{E_a}{2.303R} \times \left[ \frac{1}{T_1} - \frac{1}{T_2} \right]$$ Substituting the values, $$\log_{10} \frac{10^{-4}}{10^{-5}} = 10000 \times \left[ \frac{1}{500} - \frac{1}{T} \right]$$ This simplifies to $$1 = 10000 \times \left[ \frac{1}{500} - \frac{1}{T} \right]$$ Rearranging gives $$\frac{1}{10000} = \frac{1}{500} - \frac{1}{T}$$ Solving for $\($ $\frac{1}{T}$ $\)$, we have $$\frac{1}{T} = \frac{1}{500} - \frac{1}{10000}$$ Simplifying further, $$\frac{1}{T} = \frac{20 - 1}{10000} = \frac{19}{10000}$$ Finally, $$T = \frac{10000}{19} \Rightarrow 526 \, \mathrm{K}$$

Question 88

Chemistry · Redox Reactions · Numerical

0.4 g mixture of NaOH, Na$_2$CO$_3$ and some inert impurities was first titrated with $\frac{N}{10}$ HCl using phenolphthalein as an indicator, 17.5 mL of HCl was required at the end point. After this methyl orange was added and titrated. 1.5 mL of same HCl was required for the next end point. The weight percentage of Na$_2$CO$_3$ in the mixture is ____ (Rounded-off to the nearest integer)

Answer: 3

Solution

1st end point reaction $$\mathrm{NaOH + HCl \longrightarrow NaCl + H_2O}$$ $$nf = 1$$ $$\mathrm{NaCO_3 + HCl \longrightarrow NaHCO_3}$$ $$nf = 1$$ Eq of HCl used = $n_{\mathrm{NaOH}} \times 1 + n_{\mathrm{Na_2CO_3}} \times 1$ $$17.5 \times \frac{1}{10} \times 10^{-3} = n_{\mathrm{NaOH}} + n_{\mathrm{Na_2CO_3}}$$ 2nd end point $$\mathrm{NaHCO_3 + HCl \longrightarrow H_2CO_3}$$ $$1.5 \times \frac{1}{10} \times 10^{-3} = n_{\mathrm{NaHCO_3}} \times 1 = n_{\mathrm{NaHCO_3}}$$ $$0.15 \mathrm{mmol} = n_{\mathrm{Na_2CO_3}}$$ $$0.15 = n_{\mathrm{Na_2CO_3}}$$ $$W_{\mathrm{Na_2CO_3}} = \frac{0.15 \times 106 \times 10^{-3}}{0.5} \times 100 \times 10$$ $$= 3 \times 106 \times 10^{-2}$$ $$= 3 \times 1.06 = 3.18\%$$

Question 89

Chemistry · Hydrocarbons · Numerical

Consider the following chemical reaction. $$\mathrm{HC} \equiv \mathrm{CH} \xrightarrow{\begin{array}{c}(1) Red hot Fe tube, 873 K \\ (b) CO+HCl/AlCl_3 \end{array}} Product$$ The number of $sp^2$ hybridized carbon atom(s) present in the product is

Answer: 7

Solution

All carbon atoms in benzaldehyde are $\mathrm{sp^2}$ hybridised.

Question 90

Chemistry · Equilibrium · Numerical

The ionization enthalpy of $\mathrm{Na^+}$ formation from $\mathrm{Na_{(g)}}$ is $495.8 \, \mathrm{kJ \, mol^{-1}}$, while the electron gain enthalpy of $\mathrm{Br}$ is $-325.0 \, \mathrm{kJ \, mol^{-1}}$. Given the lattice enthalpy of $\mathrm{NaBr}$ is $-728.4 \, \mathrm{kJ \, mol^{-1}}$. The energy for the formation of $\mathrm{NaBr}$ ionic solid is $(-)\, \_\_\_\_ \times 10^{-1} \, \mathrm{kJ \, mol^{-1}}$

Answer: 5576

Solution

$\mathrm{Na(s) \rightarrow Na^+(g) + e^-}$, $\Delta H = 495.8\ \mathrm{kJ\,mol^{-1}}$ $\frac{1}{2}\mathrm{Br_2(l)} + e^- \rightarrow \mathrm{Br^-(g)}$, $\Delta H = -325\ \mathrm{kJ\,mol^{-1}}$ $\mathrm{Na^+(g) + Br^-(g) \rightarrow NaBr(s)}$, $\Delta H = -728.4\ \mathrm{kJ\,mol^{-1}}$ Required reaction: $\mathrm{Na(s) + \frac{1}{2}Br_2(l) \rightarrow NaBr(s)}$ $\Delta H = 495.8 - 325 - 728.4 = -557.6\ \mathrm{kJ\,mol^{-1}}$ $\Delta H = -5576 \times 10^{-1}\ \mathrm{kJ\,mol^{-1}}$